Three Kinds Of Turmeric Medicinal Plant Breeding Selection And Evaluation Of New Materials

Radix Curcumae,the root tuber of Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling、C. longa L. and C. kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang or C. phaeocaulis Val, root in the family of Zingiberaceae.The dry root of, the former two, respectively, xi said "WenYuJin" and "Huangsi YuJin", said the rest according to the characteristics of different learning "GuiYuJin" or " Lvsi YuJin "; Above four kinds of medicinal plants dried roots, except the curcumin turmeric with dried roots of herbs, another three were used as medicinal herbs rhizoma zedoariae, in turn, xi called "rhizomazedoariae wen","rhizoma zedoariae in guang xi","sichuan and rhizoma zedoariae (origin xi wen)". Turmeric huoxue pain, XieYu, blessed are cold blood, qi and cholagogue retreat yellow; Turmeric qi and blood, menstruation pain; Rhizoma zedoariae broken blood, qi and eliminate product the pain.WenYuJin, rhizoma zedoariae, zedoary turmeric and guangxi four are of zingiberaceaeturmeric (Curcuma. L) of medicinal plants, has the very broad development use value, but due to the complexity of source, widely distributed, especially the origin of traditional extensive plantingpatterns and long-term asexuality, lead to the varieties degradation is serious, the medicinalmaterials quality the good and bad are intermingled, yield difference is very big, and theimperfection of the existing statutory standards of quality evaluation method, makes the qualitycontrol of turmeric, turmeric, rhizoma zedoariae more difficult. This thesis mainly for WenYuJin.turmeric and zedoary three turmeric to carry out the breeding of the new material trackingbreeding of medicinal plants belonging to the pre-assessment and study, for the development and utilization of high quality medicinal plant breeding materials provide certain scientific reference and ensure the quality of medicinal materials from the source. This topic is the "twelfth five-year" crop breeding by the science research projects in sichuan province, sichuan, breakthroughmedicines varieties selection and technology bureau of chengdu innovation project-part of the sichuan turmeric standardization planting base construction project.Researches in chromosome:after reviewing the different conditions, a preliminary screening of chromosome analysis conditions, the medicinal plants in several kinds of turmericroot around10:00a.m. when selecting root as experiment material, with p-dichlorobenzenepreprocessing1h, then in0.075mol/L KCL solution for1h before the low permeability; Appropriate fixed liquid for improved cano’s fixed liquid (=5:2:3anhydrous ethanol:chloroform:glacialacetic acid), a fixed time for4h is preferred; Fixed materials with distilled water after clean, into a1mol/L HCL solution in acid hydrolysis under60℃temperature10min, hydrolysis withimproved magenta dye liquid production after the completion of observation. Results:preliminarysure WenYuJin somatic chromosome number is2n=96, turmeric somatic chromosome number is2n=88, guangxi rhizoma zedoariae somatic chromosome number is2n=84, zedoary somaticchromosome number is2n=88; Four kinds of curcuma medicinal plant chromosomes are diploid,and literature reports of zingiberaceae plants chromosome diploid for almost all description.The tracking evaluation aspects of WenYuJin tissue culture:research to early to get the annual earth Wen YuJin, two year earth WenYuJin and annual traditional WenYuJin production in plant shape size, medicinal herbs, medicinal herbs appearance, microscopic and thin layer identification, effective component content and so on various aspects were compared, and judge the robustness of tracking by two years in a row, the results show that annual earth WenYuJin production in plant size,medicinal herbs, effective full content less than traditional WenYuJin, but kept on exterior shape and composition and traditional turmeric similarities; Two year seed WenYuJin in all aspects andWenYuJin basic consistent and stable tracking results for two years and prompted two year seedWenYuJin can serve as breeding into the field of new materials.The selection and evaluation of new material breeding for Curcuma longa L.:selection and evaluation of breeding to early to get12copies of breeding new material tracking for three consecutive years of breeding, and the filtered as evaluation index of yield and content, results JH5, JH6, JH4roots, root yield and content are higher and stable results for three consecutive years, with high yield and high in breeding new strains of type characteristic; JH1, JH2rhizome yield and stable, can be used as a rootstock for high special type materials; JH8root for high and stable, can be used as root yield special type materials; JH9, JH10rhizome and root content were higher and stable results for three consecutive years, with high including the characteristics of breeding new strains; Yellowturmeric volatile oil to the GC/MS methods of exploration, a preliminary set up yellow silk turmeric volatile oil of GC/MS feature maps.The selection and evaluation of new material breeding for Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.: breeding to early to get6of breeding new material tracking for three consecutive years of breeding, the (results) was added into the stable performance is good, kind of stem volume LS-4, according to the requirements of crops variety approval committee in sichuan province for the multi-point test and production test, good performance and stable results LS-4, on October26,2012by the provincial crop variety approval committee of experts in the field of technical appraisal; In addition to the LS-2testing varieties as compared with the LS-4, remaining breeding materials, L1, L5root, root yield and content are higher and stable results for three consecutive years, with high yield and high inbreeding new strains of type characteristics.Through the study of chromosomes, it will provides possible method to further study of the genetic diversity of genetic material; The tracking evaluation aspects of WenYuJin tissue culture, determine the feasibility of transformationmethods, perfect the WenYuJin tissue culture system, and at the same time as other varieties of thelate transformation work provides reference; For turmeric and zedoary breeding new materialtracking breeding for many years, improved the quality of the medicinal materials evaluation method,and gets the good breeding of new varieties and new strains. The research of curcuma later large-scale development and application of medicinal plant provides the basis material and method forreference.