| Lycii Fructus Solanaceae Ningxia Lycii Fructus (Lycium barbarum L.) dry ripe fruit, only contained in the "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic", with ney, lungs, Bugan, eyesight and other effects, widely used in clinical treatment of Liver yin deficiency, dizziness, blurred vision, coughing, diabetes, nocturnal emission and other symptoms. Lycii Fructus it contains polysaccharides, so prone to "oil spilling", discoloration, insects, mildew or deterioration during storage, not only caused a huge waste of resources and economic losses, but also seriously affect the safety of clinical medicine and effectiveness. So the study and elucidate the mechanism and physiological changes in the key factors Lycii Fructus during storage, and extend its relevant scientific intervention Lycii Fructus storage to save time, provide a reference for the rational use of resources, Lycii Fructus, ensure quality of Lycii Fructus.1. The preliminary study of "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus mechanismGroup combined with previous results, and draw fruit storage principles and reactive oxygen species senescence hypothesis put forward "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus hypothesis of the mechanism:under the influence of external environmental factors, medicinal water content increased, the rate of metabolism of the cells to produce excess Enhanced reactive oxygen free radicals, damage cell structure and function, leading to cell membrane permeability increased leakage caused by inclusions, which occurred "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus In this study, the hypothesis about the combination of plant physiology methods to study during storage of Lycii Fructus Appearance, moisture and water activity, respiratory rate, oxygen free radical scavenging activity related to changes of activity, MDA content, cell structure, and correlation between changes in the comprehensive analysis of the factors discussed "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus the mechanism of screening storage conditions, to provide a reference for the proposed "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus scientific intervention strategy.1.1 Characters change Lycii Fructus appearance during StorageUnpacked of Lycii Fructus samples stored at different temperatures (4?,15?, 25?,35?), humidity (45%,60%,75%) under the conditions, refer to "seventy-six kinds of medicinal products specifications" were sampled at different time points were observed and recorded of Lycii Fructus appearance, results show that:in the storage humidity is 60% and 75%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35 ?, the samples were 6-10 day appears soft texture, and over time there is a clear "go oil" phenomenon; and 45% humidity in storage, storage temperature was 4?,15?, 25 ?, no obvious "take the oil at 35? "phenomenon. The higher the storage temperature or humidity, "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon at a rate faster. Description "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus occurs and storage humidity and temperature are closely related.1.2 Moisture and water activity changes during Lycii FructusThe storage time at different points Lycii Fructus samples sampled for moisture and water activity, moisture and water activity study variation during storage Lycii Fructus, Lycii Fructus and relevance "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus and the sample moisture and water activity. The results showed that:Lycii Fructus moisture and water activity with the extension of storage time increased under different storage conditions, and are 28 days to reach equilibrium. During storage humidity of 60% and 75%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35? when, when the sample moisture content reaches the 14% average appears soft texture phenomenon, when the moisture content reaches the 18% average appears obviously "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon. And sample a "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon when water activity at the higher range; while in storage humidity of 45%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35?, the moisture content of the sample did not reach 14% does not appear "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon, and the water activity in the lower range. At the same storage temperature, humidity, the higher the moisture content and water activity changes sooner, "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon more rapidly. Therefore, there is a certain correlation "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon and moisture and water activity. The storage time at different points "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus samples sampled for moisture and water activity, moisture and water activity study variation during storage "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus, "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus and relevance "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus and the sample moisture and water activity. The results showed that: wolfberry moisture and water activity with the extension of storage time increased under different storage conditions, and are 28 days to reach equilibrium. During storage humidity of 60% and 75%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35 ? when, when the sample moisture content reaches the 14% average appears soft texture phenomenon, when the moisture content reaches the 18% average appears obviously "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon. And sample a "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon when water activity at the higher range; while in storage humidity of 45%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35?, the moisture content of the sample did not reach 14% does not appear "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon, and the water activity in the lower range. At the same storage temperature, humidity, the higher the moisture content and water activity changes sooner, "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon more rapidly. Therefore, there is a certain correlation "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon and moisture and water activity.1.3 Respiration rate state change Lycii Fructus during StorageRespiration rate and medicinal activity is closely related to respiratory substrate (carbohydrate, protein, fat) of the amount. Thus stated during storage Lycii Fructus respiration rate, is the main link research "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus the mechanism and important research. In this study, the use of infrared breath analyzer measurement of carbon dioxide changes during storage of Lycii Fructus respiration rate, clear "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus whether there is a correlation with the cellular respiration rate. The results show that:at the same storage temperature, the humidity, the higher the sample rate of respiration is high; at the same humidity, the higher the temperature the more samples respiration rate is high. Storage in a humidity of 60% and 75%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35? when "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus sample respiratory rate over time to continuously improve and "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon; while in storage humidity of 45%, storage temperature was 4?,15?,25?,35? breathing rate for a long time at a low range Lycii Fructus samples appearance no significant change. Description respiration rate the level of "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon is a close correlation.1.4 Lycii Fructus during storage the active oxygen content changes of free radical scavenging activity of research and MDAUnder normal circumstances ROS production and scavenging free radicals in dynamic equilibrium, once the balance is broken, accelerate the generation of reactive oxygen free radicals, excess reactive oxygen species and can not be cleared in time, it will destroy the cell structure and function of cell membranes lipid peroxidation, increased permeability of cell contents extravasation, the specific performance of active oxygen free radical scavenging activity decreased, MDA content increased. So to clarify Lycii Fructus during storage of reactive oxygen free radical scavenging activity and MDA content variation, it is to explore the "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus the key to the mechanism. This study measured under different storage conditions of reactive oxygen free radical scavenging activity:using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay photoreduction activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), measured peroxide guaiacol method enzyme activities (POD), TBA assay of malondialdehyde (MDA) content variation. The results show that:the storage conditions of a temperature of 4 ?, humidity of 45% of the sample Lycii Fructus active oxygen free radical scavenging activity and MDA showed no significant change and not a "down oil" phenomenon, and humidity during storage 75% storage temperature is 15?,25?, 35? when the sample reactive oxygen free radical scavenging activity decreased, increased MDA content, and a "down oil" phenomenon, indicating "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus and there are certain physiological activity state changes relevance.2. Structure, transfer polysaccharide and epidermal cells in cell studies "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus in the processIn this study, PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff stain) staining glycogen or carbohydrate position where the cells were labeled to observe the transfer of Lycii Fructus pulp polysaccharide component; and using HE (hematoxylin-eosin staining) Staining the cells were stained in a variety of different components, in order to observe changes in cell structure; and using a microscope observation of Lycii Fructus epidermal cells were observed. The results showed that with the "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus the deepening, the Lycii Fructus HE stained cross-section of the cell wall and cell membrane flesh color gradually fade, but by the Lycii Fructus PAS staining reagent cross-section of pulp cells are stained starch gradually reduce the number of particles, and Lycii Fructus epidermal cells of a golden oil particles increasing. Description With degree of "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus deepening the degree of damage to the cell structure is also increasing at the same time, resulting in pulp cell contents in constant extravasation into the epidermis cells, which results "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus appears outside match osmosis.3. Lycii Fructus long-term storage conditions investigatedIn this study, in order to better screening Lycii Fructus optimum storage conditions, the choice of the market is more commonly used polyvinylidene film its packaging, were selected at different temperatures (4?,15?,25?,35?) and humidity (45%,60%,75%) for storage, combined with previous findings "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus mechanism to select the external shape, the moisture content of polysaccharide, respiratory rate, water activity, physical activity, etc. and "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus factors closely related to indicators, a comprehensive analysis and filter out the best Lycii Fructus storage conditions. (1) Refer to "seventy-six kinds of medicinal products specifications" under different storage conditions Lycii Fructus Appearance tracking observations, the results showed that: Lycii Fructus sample skin color appears dark phenomenon storage temperature is 35 ? under the conditions, when storage humidity 75% Lycii Fructus samples appeared part of the "oil spilling" of Lycii Fructus phenomenon; the storage temperature is 25 ?, humidity of 60%,75% of the sample under conditions appear soft texture, so high temperature and humidity unfavorable long-term preservation Lycii Fructus (2) Version 2015 reference method Lycii Fructus polysaccharide content was measured under the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" to Lycii Fructus polysaccharide content of the sample was measured under different storage conditions, the results showed that:at high temperature (25?,35?), humidity (60%,75%) under storage conditions Lycii Fructus polysaccharide content was significantly reduced, it is not conducive to long-term storage Lycii Fructus. (3) reference method 2015 edition wolfberry child under water determination "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" under different storage conditions Lycii Fructus samples moisture content were measured, results showed that: at high temperature (25?,35?) and humidity (60% in this study, infrared carbon dioxide analyzer respiration rate and water activity meter samples were measured, the results showed that:respiration rate at a high temperature (25?,35?) and humidity (60%,75%) of the sample and conditions water has been a significant increase in activity, the high temperature (25?,35?) and humidity (60%,75%) of the conditions are not conducive Lycii Fructus storage, under the experimental sample select the part of the storage conditions (5) (4? 45%,4? 75%,15? 75%,25 ? 45%,25? 60%,25? 75%,35? 75%) measured activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase activity (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), results showed that:at 4? 45% storage conditions Lycii Fructus active oxygen free radical scavenging activity and MDA content in no significant change, while at the same storage temperature, the higher the humidity of reactive oxygen free radical scavenging activity decreased faster, the higher the MDA content increased; while at the same humidity conditions, the higher the temperature the active oxygen free radical scavenging activity decreased faster, the higher the content of MDA increased Therefore, by the above experimental results that the high temperature, high humidity is not conducive to long-term storage Lycii Fructus summary,Lycii Fructus optimal storage conditions should be humidity of 45%, a temperature of 4? or 15?, storage conditions combined with cost analysis shows Lycii Fructus more reasonable long-term storage conditions are a temperature of 15? humidity of 45%. |
PDF Full Text Request