The General Mental Health Status And Its Associations With Chronic Diseases Among Adults In Changchun City

Objectives: To learn the mental health status and its distribution characteristics of adult residents in Changchun City,and analyze the impact of general demographic characteristics,lifestyle and chronic diseases on the general mental health status of adult residents,to provide a sufficient theory and reference basis for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies and measures in Changchun.Methods: This study based on Changchun data from survey of chronic diseases and risk factors among adults in Jilin province in 2012.The study using a complex sampling design recruited community residents aged 18~79 years old in Jilin Province and conduct questionnaire survey and physical examination.General mental health questionnaire 12 items(GHQ-12)was used for mental health status survey.In this study,5903 sample of Changchun City were selected from the database and analyzed by SPSS 22.0.All the data were analyzed on the basis of complex weighting.Comparisons of positive rate of mental health status among residents in Changchun were used Rao-Scott χ~2 test.The influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression.Results:(1)The sample of this study was 5903,the average age of subjects was 47.05 ± 13.88 years;this study included 2638 male,accounting for 44.7%,and 3265 female,accounting for 55.3%,the ratio of male and female was close to 1: 1.24;2995 were urban residents,accounting for 50.7%;2908 were rural residents,accounting for 49.3%,the ratio of urban residents and rural residents was 1: 0.97.(2)The minimum score for GHQ-12 scale was 0 and the maximal score was 12;the average score was 2.13 ± 2.18.Among the subjects,1269 were positive for GHQ-12(GHQ scores≥4),accounting for 21.5%;4634 were negative,accounting for78.5%.The positive rate of GHQ screening in adult residents of Changchun was 21.1%.(3)The differences of positive rate of GHQ-12 of adult residents in Changchun City were statistically significant(P <0.05)between different group in age,sex,residence,marital status,educational level,occupational type and household per capita monthly income.The positive rate of GHQ-12 of women was higher than that of male(25.6% vs 16.6%).The positive rate of adults ages 18-24 years old and 65-79 years old were higher than those of other groups(25.2%,23.3%);the positive rate of GHQ-12 of rural residents(24.0%)was higher than that of urban residents(18.8%).The positive rate(27.4%)of subjects whose education levels were primary school and below and education was highest;the positive rate of widowed people was 31.4%,and the divorcee was 27.8% respectively.The positive rate of the unemployed was highest,with 29.2%.The positive rate of subjects whose family per capita income less than 500 yuan(29.2%)was higher than that of other groups.(4)Influencing factors analysis showed that age above 35 years old(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.346~0.776;OR=0.443,95%CI:0.293~0.670;OR=0.374,95%CI:0.242~0.576;OR=0.469,95%CI:0.290~0.758),family per capita income more than 500 yuan(OR=0.692,95%CI:0.547~0.875;OR=0.619,95%CI:0.478~0.803;OR=0.610,95%CI:0.449~0.830;OR=0.558,95%CI:0.390~0.798),regular diet(OR=0.579,95%CI:0.480~0.700)and exercise(OR=0.760,95%CI:0.617~0.936;OR=0.574,95%CI:0.472~0.697)were protective factors affecting the general mental health status;female(OR=1.546,95%CI:1.277~1.871),widow(OR = 1.467,95% CI: 1.082~1.989),sleep time less than 7 hours(OR = 1.602,95% CI: 1.348~1.904)or more than 9 hours(OR = 1.356,95% CI: 1.031~1.783),patients with no less than 1chronic diseases(OR=1.842,95%CI:1.500~2.260;OR=2.675,95%CI:2.197~3.256)were risk factors affecting the general mental health status;(5)The analysis of associations between general mental health status and common chronic diseases showed that chronic diseases were associated with general mental health status of Changchun adult residents,results as following(P<0.05): hypertension(OR=1.308 95%CI: 1.086~1.574),cerebrovascular disease(OR=2.832,95%CI: 2.287~3.507),ischemic heart disease(OR=1.847,95%CI:1.495~2.280),chronic gastroenteritis/peptic ulcer(OR = 1.870,95%CI: 1.501~2.329),chroniccholecystitis/gallstones(OR = 1.547,95% CI: 1.245 to 1.922),chronic low back pain(OR = 1.571,95%CI: 1.304~1.892),arthritis(OR=1.652,95%CI: 1.337~2.040),diabetes(OR=1.649,95%CI: 1.276~2.131),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=1.501,95%CI: 1.067~2.110),anemia(OR = 2.209,95%CI: 1.451 ~ 3.363).Conclusion: 1.The positive rate of general mental health among Changchun adult residents is 21.1%,which is at the medium level throughout the country and lower than that in Jilin Province.2.In Changchun City,female residents,18~24 years old and 65~79 years old residents,rural residents,unemployed,agriculture workers,subjects with low level of education,divorcee or separators,widow,subjects with low family per capita monthly income are high risk for mental health.3.The influencing factor analysis of general demographic factors,lifestyle factors on the mental health shows that age above 35 years old,family per capita monthly income more than 500 yuan,regular diet and exercise are protective factors;female,widow,sleep time less than 7 hours or more than 9 hours,and patients with no less than 1 chronic diseases are risk factors.4.The analyses of association between general mental health and common chronic diseases show that hypertension,cerebrovascular diseases,ischemic heart disease,chronic gastroenteritis/peptic ulcer,chronic cholecystitis/ gallstones,chronic low back pain,arthritis,diabetes,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and anemia are high risk associated with general mental health status.5.Developing good living habits,and maintaining a good physical condition are beneficial for mental health status of residents,which should be promoted;government agencies should continue to monitor the health status of residents and implement targeted advocacy and intervention of mental health.