Study Of TP53 Mutation Of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Research BackgroundEsophageal cancer is one of the common gastrointestinal malignancies.In China,the main histological type of esophageal cancer is squamous cell carcinoma,mainly in the middle of the esophagus.China's new esophageal cancer 277,000 people each year,ranking the number of new cases of malignant tumors 6,the number of deaths due to esophageal cancer was 206,000,ranked fourth in malignant tumor-related death.TP53 gene is divided into wild type and mutant type.The wild type TP53 gene is a tumor suppressor gene.The encoded p53 protein can inhibit the development of malignant tumor by promoting cell damage and promoting DNA damage.TP53 gene mutation,due to changes in spatial conformations affect the transcriptional activation function and p53 protein phosphorylation process,not only lost wild-type p53 inhibition of tumor proliferation,and the mutation itself makes the gene with oncogene function.Studies have shown that there are more than 50% of malignant tumors in the presence of TP53 mutation.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the mutation frequency and mutation site of TP53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and the relationship between TP53 mutation and age,sex,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,differentiation,smoking and alcohol consumption.The aim of this study was to provide theoretical basis for the targeted treatment of TP53 mutation in esophageal carcinoma.MethodsA total of 118 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled.Among them,there were 55 cases with at least one exon mutation in TP53 gene,the total mutation rate was 46.6%(55/118).There were 4 cases with 2 exon mutations,the mutation rate was 3.4%(4/118).There were 59 mutations in 118 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Among them,there were 38 sites with missense mutation,accounting for 64.4%(38/59)of the total mutation;14 sites were frameshift mutation,accounting for 23.7%(14/59)of the total mutations;7 sites were nonsense mutation,accounting for 11.9%(7/59)of the total mutations.The most common mutation was the conversion of base C?T,which accounted for 22.0%(13/59)of the total mutation.The highest frequency of mutation in exon 5 was 35.6%(21/59).The mutation frequencies of exon sites at positions 6,7 and 8 were 23.7%(14/59),22%(13/59)and 15.3%(9/59).Using chi-square test,it was found that there was no correlation between TP53 mutation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and sex,age,clinical stage,differentiation and degree,lymph node metastasis,residence and esophageal cancer family history.The risk of TP53 mutations in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma of severe smoking / severe drinking was calculated to be significantly higher than that of non-smoking / non-alcoholic patients using Odd Ratios(ORs).ResultsA total of 118 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were detected.Among them,there were 55 exons with at least one exon mutation in TP53 gene,the total mutation rate was 46.6%(55/118).There were 4 exon mutations in the TP53 gene in 4 patients with a mutation rate of 3.4%(4/118).There were 59 mutations in 118 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Among them,38 misses were found in 38 sites,accounting for 64.4%(38/59)of the total mutations;14 mutations were found at 14 sites,Of the 23.7%(14/59);7 loci occurred nonsense mutation,accounting for 11.9% of the total mutation(7/59).The most common mutation was the conversion of base C ? T,which accounted for 22.0%(13/59)of the total mutation.The mutation frequency of exon 5 was 23.6%(14/59)and 22.0%(13/59),respectively.The mutation frequency of exon 5 was 35.6%(21/59)And 15.3%(9/59).Using chi-square test,it was found that there was no correlation between TP53 mutation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and sex,age,clinical stage,differentiation degree,lymph node metastasis,residence and esophageal cancer family history.The risk of TP53 mutations in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma of severe smoking / severe drinking was calculated to be significantly higher than that of non-smoking / non-alcoholic patients using Odd Ratios(ORs).Conclusion(1)The probability of at least one exon mutation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was 46.6%,the probability of occurrence of two exosomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was 3.4%;(2)There was no correlation between TP53 mutation and clinicopathological features,but related to severe smokers/heavy drinkers.