| Background and ObjectiveVaricocele is defined as an abnormal venous dilatation and tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum and is common disease in Department of Urology.Its prevalence in the general male population is 15%,accounting for about 35% of patients with primary infertility,accounting for about 45-81% in men with secondary infertility,Varicocele is common on the left side,but studies have shown that: 50% of patients with bilateral varicocele.Varicocele can affect testicular function,and the impact is progressive,and ultimately will damage spermatogenesis,or through other mechanisms to damage sperm quality.At present,there have a lot of research on the mechanism of varicocele causes decline of sperm quality,but it has not been fully elucidated.This study through the detection seminal neutral alpha-glucosidase activity in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele and analysis clinical data,observe the effect of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele on seminal neutral alpha-glucosidase activity and to investigate the relationship between oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele with epididymal function.Materials and method 1 ObjectsOne hundred and two men(mean age 27.64±4.41 years,range 19–38years)were selected from the andrology outpatient clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to January 2017.They were divided into three groups : group 1(n=22),normozoospermic men;group 2(n=40),oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele;and group 3(n = 40),oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele.A detailed medical history was taken and details of clinical data were collected.The contents of testicular volume and NAG in seminal plasma were determined.2 Methods 2.1 Collection and treatment of semen samplesThe semen specimens were obtained by masturbation two to seven days of sexual abstinence.Following an incubation at 37℃ to liquefy the semen(exclude not liquefy semen samples),Semen volume calculated by weighing method and then a small portion of the same was used to carry out routine laboratory analyses.Centrifuged the semen sample remaining after analysis for 10 minutes at 1000 g.decanted and stored the sperm-free seminal plasma at-20℃ until analysis.2.2 Seminal plasma neutral alpha-glucosidase quantitative assaySeminal plasma neutral alpha-glucosidase quantitative assay Kit 2.3 Measurement of testicular volumeUse the WHO recommended Prader orchidometer for measurement of testicular volume2.4 Collect clinical dataCollect clinical data,such as sperm analysis,serum testosterone etc.3 Statistical analysisStatistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0.The measurement data of normal distribution was described as mean±standard deviation((?)±s);the measurement data of abnormal distribution was described as mean±interquartile range.Correlations were tested by Spearman’s test.Compare means were analysised by two independent samples t-test or by two independent samples rank sum test.Test level α = 0.05.Results 1 The ordinary stationIn 102 patients,mean age 27.64 ± 4.41(19-38)years,the normal sperm group 22.59±1.70(20-26)years,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group 28.55 ± 4.31(19-36)years,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group 29.50±3.37(23-38)years.Testicular volume: Sperm normal group 11.82 ±1.33(10-15)ml,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group 9.63±1.67(6-15)ml,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group 9.82 ± 2.31(6-12)ml.The testicular volume in normal sperm group larger than the other two groups(p<0.01),between oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group,there have no difference in testicular volume(p>0.05).2 Total sperm numberThe normal sperm group209±84.12(23.15-376.03)×106/per ejaculate,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group 14.47±10.89(6-38.1)×106/per ejaculate,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group 25.96±9.60(7-38.6)×106/ per ejaculate.Total sperm number of the normal sperm group was significantly higher than the other two group(p<0.01).There was no significant difference between oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group(p>0.05).3 The percentage progressive motility sperm(PR,%)The normal sperm group 58.05±12.61(23.00-75.0)%,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group 15.56±7.82(6-38.1)%,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group 17.75±9.18(7-38.6)%.The PR % of the normal sperm group was significantly higher than the other two group(p<0.01).There was no significant difference between oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group(p>0.05).4 Serum testosteroneThe normal sperm group 411.4±70.86(288-567)ng/dL,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group 330.56±109.63(143-562)ng/dL,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group341.15±101.94(241-562)ng/dL.The serum testosterone of the normal sperm group was significantly higher than the other two group(p<0.01).There was no significant difference between oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group(p>0.05).5 Seminal plasma neutral alpha-glucosidaseThe normal sperm group184.97±106.49(58.31-492.18)mU/ per ejaculate,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele group 70.71±24.11(17.81-118.86)mU/per ejaculate,oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group100.04±46.59(11.68-195.19)mU/ per ejaculate.The seminal plasma neutral alpha-glucosidase of the normal sperm group was significantly higher than the other two group(p<0.01).The neutral alpha-glucosidase in the group of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele were significantly lower than those in the oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele group(P<0.05)6 Correlations of seminal plasma neutral alpha-glucosidase activity and serum testosterone in the studied groupsSeminal plasma neutral alpha-glucosidase activity was correlated with total sperm number(r=0.614,p< 0.01),percentage progressive motility sperm(r=0.528,p<0.01)as well as serum testosterone(r=0.542,p<0.01)in the group of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele.Serum testosterone demonstrated significant correlation with total sperm number in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele groups(r=0.630,p< 0.01)and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men without varicocele groups(r=0.481,p< 0.01),but nonsignificant correlation in normal sperm one.ConclusionThe neutral alpha-glucosidase activity of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele is significantly decreased.The oligoasthenoteratozoospermia men with varicocele is related to the impairment of epididymal function. |
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