| ObjectiveThe long-term effect of body weight changes and body weight status in early adulthood on the risk of hypertension for Chinese population has not been well documented.The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between weight status in early adulthood,body weight change from age 25 to middle age and hypertension in Chinese population by a large-scale cardiovascular risk factor investigation.MethodsA total of 15 population groups from China multi-center collaborative study of cardiovascular epidemiology in 1998 were enrolled.There were approximately 1000 participants in each group including 50%of each male and female at the age of(35-59)years which was defined as middle age.The participants were surveyed for cardiovascular risk factors including the question about the weight of the participants at the age of 25,which was defined as early adulthood.The participants were divided into 4 groups based on BMI at early adulthood:Low body weight group,BMI<18.5 kg/m2,Normal body weight group,BMI(18.5-23.9)kg/m2,Overweight group,BMI(24-27.9)kg/m2 and Obese group,BMI ? 28 kg/m2.The changes of body weight from early adulthood to middle age were calculated by body weight at present minus body weight at 25 years;according to the differences,participants were divided into another set of 6 groups:differences<-7.5 kg,(-7.5 to-2.6)kg,(-2.5 to 2.5)kg,(2.6 to7.5)kg,(7.6 to 12.5)kg and>12.5 kg.The relationship between body weight status at 25 years of age,subsequent weight changes and the prevalence of hypertension were investigated.ResultsA total of 3,525 cases of hypertension were diagnosed among the 14,635 study participants in 1998.The prevalence of hypertension in low body weight group,normal body weight group,overweight group and obese group at 25 years old were 17.79%(250/1391),23.35%(2558/10953),30.34%(653/2152)and 46.04%(64/139),respectively(P value for trend<0.01).The prevalence of hypertension for adults with weight change<-7.5 kg,-7.5--2.6 kg,-2.5-2.5 kg,2.6-7.5 kg,7.6-12.5 kg and>12.5 kg at middle age were 15.99%(154/963),14.96%(303/2025),15.42%(422/2737),20.97%(617/2942),27.13%(756/2787),and 40.02%(1273/3181)respectively.(P value for trend<0.01),After adjustment for age,sex,and other potential confounding factors,both BMI at 25 years and weight-gain were positively associated with the risk of hypertension(P for trend<0.001).Weight-loss could effectively reduce the risk of hypertension for participants who had a higher BMI(BMI?24 kg/m2)at 25 years of age,compared with weight change-2.5 to 2.5 kg,the Odds Ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for weight change of-7.5 to-2.6 kg and<-7.5 kg were 0.78(0.66-0.92)and 0.59(0.47-0.73).For participants who had a lower BMI(18.5-20.9 kg/m2)at 25 years of age,the ORs and 95%CIs were 0.87(0.59-1.28)and 0.96(0.45-2.06)when they had a same weight loss.ConclusionBeing overweight and obesity in early adulthood and adult weight gain were both independently associated with marked increase in the risk of hypertension in middle-aged men and women.Weight loss might be a protective factor against hypertension for people who were overweight or obese in early adulthood. |
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