Studies On Volatile Constituents Of Medicinal Plants By SHS/GC-MS

In order to investigate the volatile constituents of medicinal plants,a Static Headspace(SHS)for the stage extraction of volatile components was established so as to provide the theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization and development of medicinal plants and the configuration of healthcare garden plants.We applied SHS combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)for direct separation and analysis of volatile components in leaves of 11 medicinal plants and flowers of 5 medicinal plants at different temperatures.The results were as follows:(1)The analysis results show that the volatile substances in medicinal plant leaves and flowers are mainly eight components,namely aldehydes,terpenes,alcohols,ketones,esters,organic compounds,alkanes and heterocycles,with aldehydes,terpenes and alcohols in the majority.The main volatile components in leaves are 3-methyl butyl aldehyde,2-methyl butyl aldehyde and 2-ethyl furan,while those in flowers are alcohols,esters and terpenes,among which ?-pinene and 2,3-butanediol account for the highest in medical flower plants.(2)The common components of different medicinal plants in different temperatures.The results show that the categories and quantities of volatile components in the leaves of 11 medicinal plants and flowers of 5 medicinal plants are different.Among them,in the flowers in which the volatile content is higher than the total content of common volatile components increases gradually in the medium and high temperature conditions.However the change is not obvious in leaves.(3)Herbal ingredients.Literature study on the volatile components in 11 different plants shows the following components have different degrees of pharmacodynamic effect:Sinowilsonia henryi(n-hexanal,(E)-2-pentene aldehyde),Amorphophallus sinensis Belval(?-caryophyllene,benzaldehyde),Pinellia ternata(limonene,styrene),Pharbitis purpurea(L.)Voisgt(caryophyllene oxide,y-elemene,3-heptylene-2-hexanone),Pharbitis nil(Linn.)Choisy(?-myrcene),Ginkgo biloba L.(2-methyl-2-pentene aldehyde,camphene,geranyl acetone),Rubus idaeus(dipentene,a-curcumene,?-asarone),Althaea rosea(Linn.)Cavan(3-methoxyphenol),Arctium lappa L.(hexanol),(methylglyoxal),Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.(?-ionone),Swida walteri(Wanger.)Sojak(thymol)(3-carene,(E)-?-farnesene).(4)Greater ecological significance components.The different medicinal components in different plants were taken as the research objects and SHS/GC-MS technology was used to carry out the stage analysis of the components of the plants.Based on the analysis obtained by SHS/GC-MS technology combined with literature research,the following ecologically significant components were screened out:Sinowilsonia henryi(1-pentene-3-alcohol),Amorphophallus sinensis Belval(2-methylbutanol),Pharbitis purpurea(L.)Voisgt(?-terpinene,ortho isopropyl benzene),Pinellia ternata(?-bourbonene,?-copaene),Pharbitis nil(Linn.)(2,3-butanediol,?-terpinene,3-carene),Ginkgo biloba L(?-pinene,?-ocimene,?-bisabolence),Rubus idaeus(enanthic aldehyde),Althaea rosea(Linn.)((+)-limonene,acetoin),Arctium lappa L.(hexyl alcohol),Fructus Corni(1-octen-3-ol),Swida walteri(Wanger.)Sojak(tnymol).