Clinical Study On The Effect Of Low Glycemic Index Diet On Pregnancy Outcome In Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Through using of low glycemic index diet intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus pregnant woman to observe the interventions on reducing the adverse pregnancy outcomes,such as the impact of maternal obesity,gestational hypertension,premature birth,macrosomia,neonatal hypoglycemia and so on.Methods: Choosing 150 pregnant women which was diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus during december 2015-July 2016,were randomly divided into 2 groups.The intervention group was given the low GI diet and daily intake of total energy intake,the control group only control the daily total energy,observing the effect of stem interventions on pregnancy outcome.The main outcome measures included gestational weight gain,blood glucose level,birth weight,incidence of macrosomia,mode of delivery and incidence of preterm birth.Results: 1 After intervention of two groups of pregnant women with GDM of various types of food intake close to the recommended intake of various food intake,the intervention group were better than the control group,the intervention group meal glycemic index was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).2 the weight gain of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group,the effective rate of blood glucose control was higher than that of the control group,the rate of insulin treatment was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).3 the cesarean section rate of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy between the intervention group and the control group(P < 0.05).4 after the intervention,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride and high density lipoprotein(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant(P>0.05).4 neonatal birth weight in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01),two groups of neonatal birth gestational age,body length and head circumference,Apgar score and neonatal asphyxia,there were no significant differences(P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that the 5 meals,glycemic index and fasting blood glucose,2h postprandial blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,strong correlation,multivariate analysis;6 higher per capita monthly income of family,more difficult to control blood sugar in pregnant women.Pregnant women with a family history of diabetes may be less susceptible to control by genetic factors.Conclusion: The low glycemic index diet intervention and dietary structure change,pregnancy weight gain control in a reasonable range,to reduce blood glucose control,insulin use rate of pregnant women with GDM and GDM.The rate of hospitalization;reduce the pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus by cesarean section rate,reduce the cesarean section rate;reduce blood lipid level;at the same time the neonatal birth weight are controlled in a reasonable range,the newborn score increased,pregnant women and neonatal adverse pregnancy outcomes were improved.