| ObjectiveTo understand the occurrence,characteristics and treatment of normal scar,hypertrophic scar and keloid in the population,we investigate the occurrence of scars in Han students of two universities in Zhengzhou City.The results of the investigation may provide a basis for guiding the prevention and treatment of scars in the future.MethodIn September 2017,a survey was conducted on the occurrence of scars in first-year Han freshmen from two universities in Zhengzhou.The survey method of cluster sampling was used to inform the respondents of the purpose of the investigation before the investigation and the consent of the respondents was obtained.Using a uniformly designed scar occurrence questionnaire(Attached Table 1),graduate students in orthopedic surgery conducted questionnaire surveys on first-year freshmen of 2017 universities.The number,location,cause,time,concomitant symptoms,family history,treatment,and recurrence of scars were recorded and counted.Hypertrophic scars and keloids were scored using the Vancouver Scar Evaluation Scale as the standard.Compare the clinical features of different scar types.Results1.General information and the incidence of scars: The total number of people investigated was 10084,all Han Chinese,including 4679 males,accounting for 46.40%,aged 15-23 years,mean age 18.4 years;female 5405,accounting for 53.60%,aged 15-25 years old The average age is 18.2 years.There were 6,120 scars visible to the naked eye on the body surface.The total number of scars investigated was 8,994 and the total incidence was 60.69%.There were 120 patients with hypertrophic scars,and the total incidence was 1.19%.There were 12 keloid patients with a total incidence of 0.12%.After statistical tests,there was no gender difference in the incidence of normal scars and keloids in the population(P>0.05);the incidence of hypertrophic scars in men was higher than that in women(P<0.05).2.Characteristics and treatment of scars: The total number of scars investigated was 8994,with 8764 small scars(99.26%),53 moderate scars(0.60%),and 12 large scars(0.14%).The common site of scar formation was upper limb(52.45%),lower limb(18.48%),head and neck(11.78%),followed by hand,foot,abdomen,chest,shoulder and back.The main causes of scar formation were vaccination(BCG)(40.89%)and trauma(40.07%),followed by surgery,burns,and infections.The course of scars was more than 1 year,accounting for 96.99% of the total number of scars investigated.The proportions of pruritus associated with normal scars,hypertrophic scars,and keloids were 3.35%,70.27%,and 88.24%,respectively.The proportion of pain symptoms associated with it was 0.51%,21.62%,and 52.94%,respectively.No hypertrophic scars or keloids affecting the function of organs or joints were seen in this investigation.There was a family history of female patients with keloids.The proportion of normal scars,hypertrophic scars,and keloids treated with anti-scars was 1.49%,23.33%,and 58.33%,respectively.Five patients with keloids received hormone injection therapy and three had relapses.One woman received surgery and radiotherapy without recurrence.One man received surgery plus hormone injection and had no recurrence.77.42% are willing to adopt medical measures to prevent or reduce the possible scars,21.49% hope to improve the existing scars,and 11.26% understand the knowledge of scar prevention and treatment.3.Scar assessment: 148 cases of hypertrophic scar were evenly divided into(7.77±1.26)points,in which the average score of men was(7.84±1.29)points,and the average score of women was(7.51±1.14)points.After statistical t test,P>0.05,the difference was not statistically significant,and there was no gender difference in the hypertrophic scar score.17 cases of keloids were evenly divided into(13.03±1.16)points,in which the average score of males was(13.25±1.03)points,and the average score of women was(12.50±1.26)points.After statistical t-test,P>0.05,There was no statistically significant difference in keloid scores between males and females.Conclusions1.The incidence of hypertrophic scars and keloids in freshmen of Henan Province were low,1.19% and 0.12%,respectively,and there was no gender difference in the incidence of normal scars and keloids.2.The main causes of scars are vaccination(BCG),trauma,and surgery.The site of the scars is mainly found in the exposed parts of the upper extremities,lower extremities,head and neck.Hypertrophic scars are often found in more active parts of the limbs and chest.Keloids are often found in the chest.3.It is recommended to pay attention to the design of preoperative incision,improve the scar score of wound or postoperative incision,and actively prevent scar treatment in the early stage.4.77.42 percent of college freshmen hope to improve scar,but lack relevant knowledge of scar prevention and treatment,so the popularization and promotion of scar prevention and treatment should be strengthened. |
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