OCTA In Early Alzheimer's Disease Macular Thickness And Area Of Retinal Blood Flow Change Research

Objective:Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an age-related senile degenerative disease.It is the most common type of dementia,accounting for 60%-70%.Due to the lack of early clinical manifestations of AD,the disease can not be diagnosed early in the clinic,and there is no special therapeutic method at present.The early treatment and early diagnosis ofAD,and timely intervention can significantly improve the cognitive function of AD patients,improve the quality of life of patients and delay the progression of the disease,patients with delayed start time of hospitalization,reduce the burden which brings to the society and the family,has the practical significance.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),as a noninvasive,quick and convenient diagnostic instrument,which expected to be a new early diagnostic tool for AD.In this study,we measured the macular density,macular volume and macular retinal thickness in patients with early AD by OCTA.Methods: Prospective studies.Sixteen patients with early mild AD diagnosed by clinical examination and 32 eyes(AD)were included in the study.Among them,9 males had 18 eyes and 7 females had 14 eyes.In the normal control group,gender and age were matched in 16 cases with 32 eyes.Among them,there were 8 males with 16 eyes and 8 females with 16 eyes.AD group conform to the journal of the American national institute of mental derangement language barrier stroke and alzheimer's disease and related disorders learn "(NINCDS ADRDA)and the American diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM IV)in the AD" probably "diagnostic criteria.In order to avoid the influence of drugs on the study,all patients selected for AD were first diagnosed or newly diagnosed with no relevant treatment.Both the AD group and the normal control group were examined by the department of neurology,relevant laboratory examination,neuroimaging examination,psycho-psychological examination and ophthalmology examination.Members of AD group and control group were >60 years old.And meet the entry criteria.High-definition optical coherence tomography(OCTA)was performed on the eyes of the AD group and the normal control group.Rapid scanning with the center of the macula as the center of the circle and a diameter of 3.0mm was performed to obtain the thickness of the central fovea of the macula,the average thickness of the macula area and the vascular density of the macula area.The density and thickness of four quadrant vessels in the upper,lower,temporal and nasal sides of the retina in the macular area were measured by computer image analysis system.Measure 3 times.Average.The changes of retinal thickness and retinal vascular density in macular area were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0 software.The measurement data(age,intraocular pressure,central thickness of macula,mean thickness of macula,vascular density of macular area,mmmse score)were examined by independent sample t test.Data record standard as mean + /-standard deviation(+ /-S),with P < 0.05 as significant,MMSE score and the macular area center thickness,average thickness and macular macular area using Pearson correlation analysis between vascular density.Results:1.Compared with the normal control group,the group of patients with AD group showed a statistical significance(P < 0.05)of the overall,central concavity retinal thickness thinning in the eyes.2.Compared with normal control group,the macular area as a whole,central concave,above,temporal retinal blood vessels are low,there is statistical significance difference(P < 0.05),while in the macular area below the nasal side,retinal vascular density reduces its no statistically significant difference(P > 0.05).3.MMSE score was positively correlated with the concave thickness of macular center,average thickness of macula,and overall blood vessel density(P < 0.05),and no correlation with the central concave blood vessel density(P BBB 0 0.05).Conclusion:1.Patients with early AD can develop degenerative retinopathy with reduced retinal thickness and decreased blood vessel density in macular area.2.The lower the cognition degree of early AD,the thinner the retinal thickness of macular area and the lower the overall blood vessel density.3.OCTA technology can provide reference value for early diagnosis,follow-up and evaluation of AD.