Russian Monetary Reform And Its Social Influences(1887-1897)

Russian liberalism as a precursor to the Great Reform in the death of Alexander II came to the end,so the modernization process marked a turning point.Monetary reform was the most important reform in the last twenty years of nineteenth Century.The reform break the tradition and moved towards the future.The purpose of the reform was to speed up the realization of Russian industrialization,and promoted the integration of Russia with the world market.Under Vyshnegradskii and Witte's rules,Russia carried out a series of reforms including budget,taxes,tariffs,exchange rate,for the establishment of the gold standard monetary system.Attempt to stabilize the ruble exchange rate,Vyshnegradskii promoting metallic money into circulation,the accumulation of gold reserves,but he limited to the economic conditions and the Council of State ordered to shift to gold accumulation,and laying the groundwork for Witte's monetary reform.In this period,the gross budget and tax policy make the national interests suffer harmfully.By borrowing,buying gold and other measures to stabilize the value of money,got the introduction of circulation coins and to establish a free exchange of banknotes and coins,finally completed the monetary reform.Under the guidance of the government in the process of rapid industrialization as the development goal,the government's intervention in the economy is becoming increasingly high.Society was moving toward the direction of the increase in the proportion of industrial and commercial development while intensified the contradiction between agriculture and industry,the reformers and the political power and the people.Money as a medium of exchange of goods which in the role of economic reforms gradually changing the value of people-oriented,career choices and lifestyles,and promote the flow of class.Exchange of goods through the international currency exchange,represents a breakthrough in the scope of the creation of a country and the creation of the exchange and sharing of results,to speed up the transformation from agricultural civilization to industrial civilization,and gradually realize the transition from dependent society to modern society.