The Research On The Bronzes With Birds Form Button Which Were Unearthed In North China Of Eastern Zhou Period

since 1923 the bronze vessels of LiYu in Hun Yuan was found,our country of Shanxi Province,Hebei province,the city of Beijing,in the western region of Liaoning province and Inner Mongolia region,a number of bronze veseels with birds form button have been unearthed one after another.About these bronze vessels,The unearthed site is concentrated, the time continued from the late of the spring and autumn period to the early of warring states period,and the shape and decorative have a significant difference from the central plains bronzes at the same time. Although some scholars have been concerned it, few made a systematic and comprehensive arrangement and research on it.This article collects 20 bronze vessels with birds form button.By using the archaeological typology and cultural methods of factor analysis, this article systematically analyzes the shape and decorative pattern and spatial distribution, origin and culture attributes of these bronzes,which trying to clarify the historical and cultural information they contained,and providing valuable materials for the historical research of cultural exchanges and national fusion in the eastern zhou period in north China.This paper consists of five parts:The first part,introduction.This part elaborates the select topic background and the research purpose, research status and research methods,and then explains the relevant concepts and problems.The second part, the material introduction. This part introduce the materials of bronze vessels with birds form button in north China one by one,preparing for the next analysis study.The third part, the shape and decorative pattern analysis.This part uses the method of archaeology typology to analysis the shape and decorative pattern of such bronze vessels,and grasps their characteristics.The fourth part, analysis of the relationship between time and space.According to the information of concrete times and unearthed location of these bronze vessels,this part finds the relationship of time and space and implements on the category,and makes every effort to restore the dynamic evolution process.The fifth part, the origin and cultural attributes analysis.Through the comparison to the similar cultural factors in adjacent areas,this part discusses the source and flow of these bronze vessels with birds form button cover, and also speculates its cultural attributes.The conclusion of this study is that,Such bronze vessels with birds form button distribute in Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing and Liaoning province,Mongolia autonomous region and other regions. And the time of this kind of bronzes continued from the late of the spring and autumn period to the early of warring states period.Bronzes with birds form button can be divided into duck shape button and the head of birds button,and the birds button with duck sharp cover vessels is distributed in Shanxi province and Inner Mongolia autonomous,and it's a typical type of jin bronzes.While bronzes with birds head button is mainly distributed in Hebei,Beijing and Liaoning and other places,which influenced more by the bronze culture in northern grasslands.After comprehensively analyze the information if its shape,decorative pattern and the time and space,the kind of bronzes with birds form button is speculated to be influenced,in different degrees,by the bronze culture in the north grassland area and the central plain.The appearance and development of these bronzes is exactly the witness of the exchange and fusion between the north grassland and the central plain culture of China in eastern Zhou period.