The Research On Discrimination Of Sentiment And Reason In The Turning Point Between Yuan And Ming Dynasties

"Clarifying Ideas Through Poetry", as important creed in China traditional poetry theory,its connotation has been enriched and extended. On the one hand, it required that the poetry of the ethical and moral, making benefits to teach people, useful for the country, the poem contained a rational spirit of the world. On the other hand, It also contained a personal emotional awareness, to "love moving in the form of words", to express the emotional feelings of the individual. After thriving of Neo-Confucianism of the Song dynasty, the poetic philosophy enhanced, enlightened personnel, and conserved nature. By this time, the emotional and theoretical categories of classical poetry tended to be mature, and the debate on the reason of poetics became clear.The alternation of Yuan and Ming Dynasties was the occasion of great turbulence unification era, making the poets' ups and downs in the trend of attaching importance to sentiment and reason. In the late Yuan dynasty,the discipline was barren, multi value provided objective conditions for the poems to express self affection. In the meantime, aspiring poets cared for the fate of their nation, pointed out problems, showing the traditional salvation of the world. Going into Ming dynasty, the sudden tight web of science, with poetry regency, making the poetry enter the singing psalms to prosperity of official Neo-Confucian thought. However, at that time, a great number of poets of Tang dynasty pursued the God of sentiment. The poetry's discrimination of sentiment and reason began to sprout by the seeds that had been planted in late Song dynasty. The representative poets at this time was the five schools in early Ming dynasty,i.e. Yuezhong school, Wuzhong school, Jiangyou school, Minzhong school and Lingnan school.Five schools,with different regional culture, fortunes and misfortunes in life, had their own characteristics, in specific ways of poetry emotion and attitude, dealing with the relationship between the two, which made the discrimination of sentiment and reason colorful in the poetic interpretation. Yuezhong school, Jiangyou school and Minzhong school all attached great importance to reason, but in different degrees and ways. Yuezhong school took reason and morale into account, outflowing of sentiment with morale's conservation and control. Jiangyou school rolled the sentiment and reason into one, composing the poetic view of "real". Minzhong school, however, explained reason in sentiment, not only supporting the operation of reason, but also revealing the false of it. Apparently, Lingnan school and Wuzhong School were passionate sentiment and dismissive of reason. Wuzhong school Intentionally portrayed talent, its elegant and sublime, while Lingnan school had no intention to the struggle between the sentiment and reason;their poems were more clear, simple and sentimental.In the alternation of Yuan and Ming dynasties, the poetry's discrimination of sentiment and reason had a profound impact on the poetry in Ming dynasty. Poetry in Ming dynasty was heading in new directions with the poetic trend of valuing both sentiment and reason. The Taige style in early Ming dynasty, Fushe and jishe in late Ming dynasty thought highly of the use of the poetry. Qizi school, Jingling school, and Gongan school in middle and late Ming dynasty, were all enamoured of the sentiment of poetry. Nonetheless, the situation was different specific to the various factors, meanwhile, the poetic view of valuing sentiment contained the elements of reason. The classical poetry's discrimination of sentiment and reason had profound philosophical connotation. One of the characteristics of the traditional philosophy was the combination of sentiment and reason, sentiment itself with reason. Based on such poetry of ideology and culture,the discrimination of sentiment and reason went back to ancient times, the struggle between two did not point the absolute victory or defeat. The discrimination and dependence of sentiment and reason was one of the reasons for the development of traditional poetry. It, together with other factors, has made the glory of Chinese traditional poetry.