| Even infants have developed a sense of fairness,they developed inequity aversion.Children understand several principles of fairness and know how to allocate resources between themselves and another anonymous child,at the age of 3 years old.Despite they have obtained the sense of fairness,children do not always act fairly,they keep more resources for themselves.We argue that two main factors could be used to explain the gap,one is maintaining the dominant position,another is acquiring more resources.Hence,we performed three experiments and systematically studied the underlying reason in fairness awareness and fairness behavior.Experiment 1.We asked children to distribute pens between themselves and other anonymous child,then we would ask “how many pens you should give to others”.We studied children’s fairness behavior and fairness awareness in this experiment.Experiment 2.Three conditions were adopted in this study,including the disadvantages of inequity condition(1-4),the advantages of inequity condition(4-1)and the fair condition.We tested the average number of trials rejected to explore if a child acted unfairly was to maintain the position of a comparative advantage.Experiment 3.We asked children to distribute pens for two anonymous children.Children’s allocation has nothing to do with their self-interest.Following statistic compare was performed to evaluate whether the children’s behavior was fair.Results are as follows:1.There are no significant differences in children’s fair awareness among three grades,but children’s behavior.2.The fairness awareness and equity of the children acts differ significantly,they are not uniform.3.The effect of allocations is significant.The average number of trials rejected in advantages of inequity condition(1-4)is significantly higher than disadvantages of inequity condition(1-4).4.The effect of age is significant.There is no difference in the average number of trials rejected in advantages of inequity condition 4-1 between grade 1 and grade 2,but children from grade 3 reject more 4-1.5.In experiment 3,there are no significant differences among three grades. |
