Moderating Effects Of National Cultural Dimensions On The Relationship Between Charismatic Leadership And Performance:A Meta-analytic Study

Since reform and opening up of China and the accession to the WTO,the degree of market opening has been further deepened.Based on the challenges of internationalization of production factors and product competition,and the need to study of advanced management concepts of excellent enterprises,a great number of experts and scholars have carried out research on foreign economic management theory based on Chinese culture.One important aspect is research on the effectiveness of leadership.Since 2000,domestic scholars have done a lot of research on the effectiveness of charismatic leadership in leadership style.In Western countries,since House 1976 put forward the theory of charismatic leadership,it has received the attention of scholars.A large number of studies in the West have validated the effectiveness of charismatic leadership.Charismatic leaders have a challenging vision,they are extremely sensitive to the environment and the need of subordinates,result with subordinates' high degree of recognition and imitation of their charismatic leaders.Higher organizational identification and organizational commitment are conducive to the achievement of organizational goals.However,there are also concerns about the negative impact of charismatic leadership,scholars questioned of charismatic leader's self-confidence and subordinates' loyalty may develop into excessive self-confidence and blind worship,thus adverse to organization and performance.So,what is the relationship between leadership style and performance,whether positive or negative?Is there a difference of effectiveness between the Confucian culture and its native Western countries?Is it more effective in Confucian culture or less effective?And,what the relationship like between different cultural dimensions and effectiveness of charismatic leadership?Since the doubts above and drive by the contingency theory of leadership,we propose that there should be inconsistent correlation between charismatic leadership behavior and performance in different national cultural background,and develop national cultural dimension to moderate the relationship between charismatic leadership behavior and individual performance and group performance.Based on the method of meta-analysis,69 valid papers containing 14661 samples were quantitatively analyzed.The research results partially support the proposed hypothesis.In particular,the relationship between charismatic leadership and individual performance and group level performance is positive.The correlation between charismatic leadership and individual performance and group performance in Confucian culture is higher than that of Anglo culture.The study focuses on the moderation of Hofstede's national cultural dimension on the relationship between charismatic leadership and performance.The results show that power distance,uncertainty avoidance,masculinity,long-term orientation moderate the relationship between charismatic leadership and individual performance;and power distance,uncertainty avoidance,individualism,long-term orientation moderate the relationship between charismatic leadership and group performance.