The Mechanism And Effects Of Time Pressure And Learning Type On Academic Achievement

Researchers have already done many efforts to explore the effect of time pressure on human study behaviors.Based on past literature,time pressure is double edged which may cause both positive and negative effect on the results of people's behavior.However,the most of past researches are focus on the effect of time pressure on explicit learning,that makes people inquisitive whether time pressure also maintain double edged effect on implicit learning and synergistic learning? what is the inner mechanism of double edged effect?For the purpose of figure out these problems,the study adopts artificial grammar paradigm and strong dissociation procedure,and put the effects of time pressure on the grades of the implicit learning,explicit learning and synergistic learning together and conduct systematically compare and analyze.On the basis of theoretical assumptions,it verifies the inner mechanism of time pressure's double edged effects on different learning type.We find that people's academic performance receives interaction effects of learning type and time pressure,on the condition of no time pressure,with the result of the grade of implicit learning > the grade of explicit learning > the grade of synergistic learning,but on the condition of time pressure,the grade of different learning type has no significant difference.On the 2 types of time pressure,only the grade of explicit learning exists significant change.Under time pressure,the study time of all kinds of learning types has been reduced.Emotion and motivation is the mediation factor between time pressure and academic achievement,the quantity achieve 40.6% and 25.2%.Now we know: a.the grade of different type of learning exist significant difference under no time pressure condition,but under time pressure condition,this difference has no more significant.b.Implicit learning and synergistic learning are not sensitive to time pressure while explicit learning receives positive influence.c.Time pressure can reduce participants' learning time.d.Time pressure can predict motivation and emotion of participants and cause positive effect through them.According to these conclusions,there are several suggestions for educators: in the teaching activities,moderate time pressure reasonably could reduce procrastination of students and learning time,achieving the aim of lighten burden objectively eventually.If students contain positive expectation for task result,this may improve their motivation and positive emotion,the benefit for health and academic performance.Finally,educators should conduct and combine explicit learning,implicit learning and synergistic learning properly.Future researchers should consider using real or localized experiment materials and controlling the factor of time in the experiments.