The Research On The Telecom Administration Of Zhejiang In The Anti-japanese War(1937-1945)

Telecommunications administration,also known as telecom service.Zhejiang Telecom was founded in the late Qing Dynasty,with a symbol of the creation of Nanxun telegraph branch.Telegraph and the telephone industry of Zhejiang have begun to take shape until the 1911 Revolution.During the Beijing Government period,the Ministry of Communications tried to unify the management of the national telecommunications,which often led to the “ministry-province conflict” with the local government in Zhejiang.After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government,Zhejiang's telecommunications industry was developing rapidly,stepped into the “golden decade”,the implementation of telecom service was also going on smoothly.In 1937,the Anti-Japanese War broke out.Along with the war,the problems Zhejiang telecom service was facing became prominent.On the part of business,Zhejiang Telecommunications Administration was under govern of the Ministry of Transportation directive on institutional business,mainly in charge of the telegraph business.In the business expansion process,direct business competition came out between Zhejiang Telecommunications Administration and Zhejiang Telephone Bureau.In order to unify the management and facilitate military communications,the Ministry of Communications and Zhejiang Province conducted a “combination of telegraph and telephone business” in 1943.On financial aspects,the telegraph credit by official and military department keep increasing,unreasonable system of telephone expenses paid by transfer instead of cash and serious damage of the material and line led to the economic constraints to the authorities and the deficit phenomenon.Zhejiang Telecommunications Administration tried to ease the financial difficulties from “increasing the income” and “cutting the expense”.In addition,due to poor conditions during the war,hard life and other problems,especially after “the Jin Lan Incident” in 1942,the authorities had taken a series of preferential protection measurement for the staff.In fact,due to the impact of the special management system during the war,Zhejiang telecom service's financial difficulties had not been effectively resolved,and the staff's life has not been actively improved.Moreover,the merger also brought some negative factors: “the invasion case of Xiao Zengtai” in 1938 and “the conflict between Li and Yang in Quxian” in 1943 are the typical cases.However,it should also be seen that during the Anti-Japanese war,according to their own business characteristics,Zhejiang Telecommunications Administration strengthened the protection of military communications,improved the confidentiality of communications actively and confined the enemy and enemy alien communications,played an important part in the war.