Research On The Grain Storage And Transportation In Yunnan Province During The Anti-Japanese War(1941-1945)

Food is a necessity of life,where the country 's economic lifeline lies,the foundation of a nation,and the need for war and defense depend on it.During the War of Resistance Against Japan,in order to stabilize the rear economy,the National Government adopted measures to strengthen food control and formulate a series of policies on food storage and transportation in an attempt to achieve "Forty million people have food to eat,and for cheap food,for everyone in the country.".After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,Yunnan gradually became one of the major political centers and core areas in the southwest.A large number of military,officials,cultural institutions and civilians subsequently moved to Yunnan,and the population increased sharply during this period.Military and civilian food became one of the main problems that the provincial government urgently needed to solve.The effective management of grain storage and transportation not only affects the stability of Yunnan society,but also affects the success or failure of war in Yunnan.Therefore,the Yunnan Provincial Government has adopted a series of measures on grain management under the instructions of the National Government,and especially the effective storage and transportation of military and civilian grain is the focus of its management.In order to adapt to the special food storage and transportation environment during the war,the food storage and transportation agencies of Yunnan Province have undergone several reorganizations and changes,and have undergone changes such as the Yunnan Grain Administration,the Yunnan Grain Administration,and the Yunnan Feudal Land Tax and Grain Management Office.The period of the Yunnan Bureau of Grain Administration(1941.9-1944.10)was the main stage of the development and improvement of grain storage and transportation in Yunnan Province.A special agency responsible for grain storage and transportation,namely the Yunnan Province Grain Administration Bureau's Storage and Transportation Department,was set up to further develop the Yunnan Province's grain storage and transportation policy to strengthen grain storage and transportation.In terms of grain storage,it includes improving the warehouse management system,building and repairing a large number of warehouses,and strengthening the management of grain exit and entry,grain loss,grain storage,and grain warehouse management personnel.In terms of grain transportation,the YunnanProvincial Government has adopted measures to improve transportation conditions and build reasonable grain transportation institutions and systems;for example:promulgating grain transportation regulations,increasing grain transportation vehicles,implementing a escort system,implementing self-sufficiency in alcohol,training grain storage and transportation Measures such as personnel adjustment,grain transportation methods,and strengthened management of transportation and transportation personnel ensured the smooth progress of grain transportation in Yunnan during the war.During the War of Resistance Against Japan,the provincial capital of Yunnan strengthened grain storage and transportation,effectively stored and transported grain,and played an active role in ensuring the normal supply of food for the military,civilians,suppressing price increases,stabilizing grain prices,and promoting the development of the transportation industry in Yunnan Role.However,in the process of grain storage and transportation management,many deficiencies have also arisen.For example,due to the lack of a good management mechanism,serious malpractices of private business;serious lack of reasonable layout and arrangements has led to serious food losses;The excessively low prices have seriously restricted the development of the grain transportation industry in Yunnan Province,and caused many shortcomings in storage and transportation.Many storage and transportation tasks have not been implemented.The gains and losses of the Yunnan Provincial Government's handling of grain storage and transportation policies during the Anti-Japanese War still have value to be learned today.