The San Dao Gou Case And Solutions Of Korea

China and Korea are connected,border-crossing negotiation is a key issue in the development of suzerain-vassal relationship,and also an important part of Sino-Korean border management.The border-crossing problem in Sino-Korean border has long existed,Korean border people crossing the border to pick ginseng before 1644.After 1644,the border-crossing case more frequently.Among them,the San Dao Gou case occurred in Kangxi twenty-four years(1685),the severity of the case,the strength of punishment and the depth of influence are representative in the border-crossing cases,it is a turning point from the severe to the tolerant of the border-crossing negotiation between China and Korea,it has an important influence on the border management of Qing Dynasty and Korea.In the process of development of the suzerain-vassal relationship between Qing Dynasty and Korea,Qing Dynasty's defense policy toward Korea,Korea use the policy to keep off Ou Tuo in the border area and Korean border people cross the border to pick ginseng are important backgrounds for the dispute between the two countries.The ginseng trade among Qing Dynasty,Korea and Japan is the fundamental reason for the border-crossing,Korean policy of ginseng is an important reason for the border-crossing,the fuzzy border,the hardships of life,lack of border garrison are the specific reasons for the San Dao Gou case.The San Dao Gou case happened in these backgrounds and reasons.Qing Dynasty sent Le Chu to check Changbai Mountain area again in Kangxi twenty-four years(1685)August,line to the San Dao Gou(now near the Maoer Mountain in Linjiang City,Jilin Province)which in upper reaches of the Yalu River area,encounter the Korea border people and suffer attack.The case cause casualties,lead to the major crimes and cause serious negotiations.After the case,Qing Dynasty drop imperial edict,dispatch the officials,adopt a stern approach to the case.As a result,the principal criminal death,the accessary criminal exemptfrom death,local officials dismissed,the Korean king penalty silver twenty-two thousand.After the hole case,Korea has taken a series of measures to prevent border-crossing which also have more profound impacts.Korea strengthen border defenses,establish the policy of ginseng prohibition,forbidden picking ginseng.These solutions slow the development of Northwest of Korea,make the arms become lax.It also makes foreign trade of Korea severed,tax decreased,trade depressed.The people's life is more difficult.