Analysis Of Socratic Polemics From The Perspective Of Cognitive Dialogic Syntax

Plato is one of the most representative thinkers,philosophers,literati,and educators in ancient Greece,and Dialogues he wrote is revered as a cultural heritage and a spiritual treasure by the world.So far Dialogues attracts much attention from many scholars because of its rich ideological content and unique polemical dialogues.For more than two thousand years,scholars in China or elsewhere have been trying to interpret Socrates' polemics from philosophical,ethical,political,pedagogic,literary and other perspectives.Although many scholars make some studies from the perspective of linguistic philosophy,ho?wever,most of them focus on the study of philosophical content,while few of them analyze Dialogues' linguistic manifestation mode and its unique polemical model from a linguistic and cognitive perspectives.Based on the discussion above,this thesis,under the theoretical background of Cognitive Dialogic Syntax,aimed at these dialogic texts,proposes the Rs-CRfP-Cs Model based on resonance,cognition reference point and construal to explain the nature of elucidation of Socratic polemics' on the basis of a certain amount of data.By analyzing the linguistic and cognitive aspects of the 751 items of selected data,the author explores its linguistic characteristics and distinctive polemical model.The findings are as follows:1.In the process of dialogue,the elucidation of a question mainly depends on different types of turns,namely:(1)mutual elucidation(72.17%),which means interlocutors elucidate a problem and make an agreement by a pairs of turns;(2)self-elucidation(19.04%),elucidating one point within the speaker's own turn;(3)multi-elucidation(8.79%),that is,elucidating one point step by step in several pairs of turns.2.The linguistic resonance indicates the R-T cognitive resonance.Turns involve the choice of cognitive reference points and the activation of corresponding targets,which reflects the universality of this cognitive ability;however,as turns change,both the reference point and the target change,reflecting the particularity of the ability relative to different people and time.3.As turns go on,the language users would adjust the way of construal,and the dimensions of the accommodation are different,thus activating different reference points and targets.4.Socratic polemics is characterized by guidance and intersubjectivity,cognitive universality and particularity,construal diversity,dialogic dialectics and so on,and it also provides some enlightenment about Platonic philosophical thoughts.The main contributions are presented as follows:1.Under the theoretical background of Cognitive Dialogic Syntax,it integrates Rs-CRfP-Cs Model to analyze the linguistic manifestation mode and the unique polemical model behind.On the one hand,it deepens our understanding of Socratic polemics and Plato's philosophical thoughts,on the other hand,it revises the limitations of resonance and cognitive reference point to analyze special texts,and extends the study range of Dialogic Syntax.2.It classifies the collected data,and analyzes and discusses the characteristics of linguistic resonance,cognitive resonance and construal accommodation.3.It shows that people tend to accommodate the dimensions of construal and form different R-T cognitive patterns when they elucidate problems,which indicates the universality and particularity of human cognition.4.From the perspective of Cognitive Dialogic Syntax,it indicates Socratic polemics is also the way of imparting knowledge.This way is also termed as dialogic dialectics,that is,speakers can obtain the universal and necessary knowledge through dialogues.