Tajikistan Students Study Chinese Negative Word Acquisition

Learning how to use the negative words is an indispensable and important part when we study modern Chinese,which is very hard to learn.Even for the native Chinese students,to master how to use Chinese negative words is still a difficulty.In terms of foreign students,they find more difficult in learning and using the words of negation in Chinese.In this paper,the author focuses on the analysis of the different use of the negative words “?” and “?(?)”when they plus adjectives,modal verbs,psych-verbs and so on,in hope of solving the big problem of acquiring Chinese negative word for students who come from Tajikistan and Central Asia.After the analysis of the various grammatical forms about “?” and “?(?)”theoretically,the author then compares the Tajikistan's language negative word “??”,“????”and the Chinese “?” and “?(?)”,trying to find the links and differences between them,in order to find the similarities and differences between the two languages and their learning rules and to help scholars study those two languages comparatively in the future.Moreover,by analyzing the pragmatic bias that students from Tajikistan studying in China have made,such as “semantic errors”,“collocation errors”,“word order errors” and other errors,the author desires to find the reasons of these errors through the investigation and analysis.With the reasons,we make a list of measures to reduce errors,namely: listing negative structure conditions,using rationally the lexical chunks in teaching,paying attention to the use of negation of the iconic features,combing the teaching of negative word “?” and “?(?)”with the teaching of “?” and so on.