Personal Managerment System Of Wine Industry Of Song Dynasty

Since the Southern Song Dynasty lost the northern territory,the proportion of agricultural tax dropped significantly,the national monopoly of liquor,salt had gradually become the main financial rights.During Tianbao years(968-976)and the late Southern Song Dynasty(1279),the personal management of wine industry of the Song Dynasty had existed for nearly three hundred years.In this paper,the object of study is the personal management system of liquor,then try to deeply understand what is the operation and evolution of the personal management system of liquor.The main part of the paper includes three chapters,firstly,it needs to collect and organize the whole tax,liquor tax and other data information,through the comparison between the monopolies,north and south liquor tax,then arrives to a conclusion about the general impression of the Song monopoly economy,in particular the liquor economy,and that high wine tax areas were dominated by government,and low wine tax areas had more personal wine shop.Secondly,it needs to analyze the operating mechanism of the personal management system of wine industry.which mainly contains the history of the liquor system before the Song Dynasty,the different operation of official wine shop and personal wine shop,etc.,then get to know that the personal management system of liquor industry in Song Dynasty conforms to the historical trend.Thirdly,it analyzes the evolvement of the personal management system of liquor industry,mainly including the rise of wine prices,the addition of tax variety and rules and so on,and analyzes the inherent logic of the evolution of the system by using national theory of the new institutional economics.When the officials and the administration have rights to run a wine shop in the Southern Song Dynasty,it nearly means the personal wine shops go downhill.Then it is concluded that the change of the personal management system is mainly due to the fact that the nation hesitates between tax and whole social income.Finally,the nation is the maker and the implementer of the system,not only to provide public goods but also to provide a fair and reasonable industrial environment.By building a relaxed business environment,and reducing the administrative intervention in the business,the nation and the business community is a positive-sum game.