A Study On The Relationship Among Self-Efficacy,Prospective Memory And Future Time Perspective Of Junior High School Students

Prospective memory is a kind of individual's memory based on the future,which is an important guarantee of individual's effective learning and positive life.There are many factors which can influence prospective memory.Future time perspective and self-efficacy are two important factors which can affect the individual's current assessment and reflection on future choices.Previous studies have shown that there was a certain correlation among prospective memory,future time perspective and self-efficacy.But there wasn't an existing research that has already revealed the exact relationship among them in details.The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship among prospective memory,future time perspective and self-efficacy,as well as to provide theoretical basis for improving students' prospective memory ability.142 middle school students in Changsha Hunan province were selected as research subjects.A part of them were from demonstration junior high school,and another part of them from nondemonstration common junior high school.6 classes were involved in this study,and 2 classes for each grades.Psychological software eprime was used to test individual's prospective memory at first.Then,we used questionnaires to test one's future time prospective and self-efficacy.The research results show:(1)junior high school students' event-based prospective memory performance was better than those' time-based prospective memory performance.(2)There was a significant difference of prospective memory on the grade among junior high school students.Whether it was time-based prospective memory or event-based prospective memory,the response would rise with the grade and reach the significant level.In terms of rate,only time-based prospective memory decreased with age and was significant.(3)There was a significant positive correlation among prospective memory,future time prospective and self-efficacy.There was a significant positive correlation between prospective memory accuracy and self-efficacy,and there was a significant negative correlation between prospective memory response and self-efficacy.Prospective memory accuracy was positively correlated with future time perspective,prospective memory response was negatively correlated with future time perspective.There was a significant positive correlation between future time perspective and self-efficacy.(4)Junior high school students' future time perspective and self-efficacy had a positive predictive effect on prospective memory scores.The results of the study were analyzed and discussed,and the conclusions could be summarized as follow:(1)Junior high school students' event-based prospective memory performance was better than those' time-based prospective memory performance.(2)Future time perspective and self-efficacy were two important factors which could affect prospective memory scores.(3)We could improve junior high school students' prospective memory through cultivating their future time prospective and self-efficacy.