The Study Of Literary Criticism Field

Nowadays literary criticism is faced with a great many difficulties and is losing it's authority and sacredness gradually.This essay is written under the frameworks of field theory put forward by Bourdieu and places literary criticism in spatial and relational structures,constructing criticism field in varies relations including criticism and creation,criticism and reader,criticism and politics,criticism and economy and so on.Although criticism field acts as a secondary field in literary field.It's by no means a vassal or appendence.Thus we should follow the principle of autonomy and perfect the operating mechanism to achieve the goal of creating a good environment for criticism.Moreover,this essay makes a systematic analysis and study from various perspectives including on the definition,construction,elements composition,operating mechanism,theoretic and realistic values and etc.The Introduction Part not only classified and summarized the present of researches on "field theory" and "criticism field" from home and abroad,but also analyzed the great significance of study on criticism field.Foreign scholars introduced the idea of "field theory" from physics to a number of subjects including psychology,sociology,literature and so on.They also developed field theory into an adaptable analyzing tool and studying method.For example,Bourdieu transplanted the theory to the study about literary field to discuss the issue of criticism in the structural system of field theory.Domestic scholars conducted various kinds of researches on the basis of translating and studying Bourdieu's field theory to analyze criticism field from several aspects including the concept,origin,composition and etc.under the framework of field theory.The first part mainly explains the definition of "field" and "literary field" step by step and defines the connotation and extension of criticism which is the theoretical foundation of "criticism field" study.As a part of literary field,criticism field refers to a relational system that is formed between criticism and external things.To be specific,criticism field is formed in the relations including criticism and creation,criticism and media,criticism and politics,criticism and economy and etc.It has its own rules and operating mechanism.The second part talks about the construct process of criticism field.The construction of criticism field is a generating process that takes a long time.Since it goes though three stages from spontaneous criticism conscious criticism to ideal criticism to Spontaneous criticism refers to kinds of natural,Spontaneous and Primitive criticism self-conscious criticism means the criticism featured with self-awareness.Since 20 century ideal criticism refers to an idealistic state of criticism.The third part is focused on the element constitution of criticism field.The elements consist of the subject of criticism,the object of criticism the utterance of criticism and the media of criticism.The subject of criticism is the actor of criticism field.The object of criticism is the target to be criticized which includes all the literary phenomena.Literary criticism exists in the way of utterance,public utterance and elite utterance.The media of criticism is the material channel to transmit the utterance of criticism.These four elements are both contradictory and complementary constituting criticism field as a whole.The fourth part illustrates the operating mechanism of criticism.Criticism field is a dynamic system whose operating mechanism connects all parts together,making it function cooperatively and effectively.The operating mechanism of criticism field is divided into three aspects.The first is self-adjustment and self-control,which means the internal logic and laws of criticism field can make itself perfect and adjust on its own.The second aspect is self-discipline and heteronomy.Criticism field should obey both its own laws and the laws of society.The third aspect is autonomy mechanism of criticism,criticism needs autonomy and it can't feel satisfied to be a vassal for literature,politics and economy.Autonomy is the core power driving criticism field to function well.The last part summarized the theoretical value and significance in practice.For one thing,criticism field theory enriched the literary field theory and opened up the researching fields for literary criticism theory.For another,criticism field theory plays an important role in promoting the prosperity of criticism and the improvement of the relationship between literature and criticism.