The Idea Of Scanlon's Theory Of Moral Motivation And Transcendence Of Utilitarianism

Scanlon proposed his unique contract socialist moral theory in his work named What We Owe to Each Other.His theory had been influenced by Rawls and Kant's thoughts.On the basis of criticizing and questioning utilitarianism,he put forward more substantial contents,focusing on the legitimacy and misconduct of human behavior and put forward its moral motivation theory based on the center of reason believing that whether people's behavior being justified or not is based on the moral principles that can be decided by other people's reasonable opposition.Then it is important that people have reason to find a set of ethical principles that regulate people's behavior and to motivate them to comply with this normative moral principle.In this paper,the theory of moral motivations of Scanlon is briefly discussed,and the analysis of Scanlon's moral motive theory is more reasonable than the rationality of the theory of reason and content.The article is divided into six parts.The first chapter,the introduction part,mainly introduces the research background,research status and research significance.The second chapter introduces the historical origin and theoretical basis of the theory of moral motivation proposed by Professor Scanlon from the traditional to the contemporary social contract theory.It is from the traditional social contract theory to the contemporary moral contract theory,laying the foundation of the theory of moral motivations.The third chapter,Scanlon's theory of moral motivation,mainly discusses the four characteristics of moral motivation theory.In the fourth chapter,the moral motive theory of Scanlon's transcendence of the doctrine of efficiency is mainly from the two aspects of theoretical roots and content.In the fifth chapter,the evaluation and practical significance of Scanlon's moral motive theory are summarized.Scanlon's moral motivation theory of the advantages and possible bias,and analysis of his theory for the construction of a socialist harmonious society positive significance.The sixth chapter concludes with a summary of Scanlon's theory of moral motivations,and from his transcendence of the doctrine of liberty todefend his moral motive theory.