The Effect Of Sexual Orientation On The Gender Bias And Literalization During Facial Emotion Processing

Researchers are arguing about whether sexual orientation is influenced by congenital elements or acquired factors all the time.People who support the neurohormonal theories reckon that sexual orientation is influenced by congenital elements,and connected with the structure of brain and androgen level.Other researchers have a different idea,they believe that sex role and social expectation attribute to the development of sexual orientation.That Means the supporter of neurohormonal theories believe that heterosexual and homosexual people have different brain structure,and the others have different opinion.The study tested whether sexual orientation is influenced by innate factors or acquired disposition,experiment one tested the gender bias index by Judgment task paradigm.If there is different gender bias between heterosexual and homosexual individuals,then we reckon that the result of gender bias experiment is influenced by sexual orientation.And we should reconsider whether the participants of previous research involved homosexual individuals.And experiment two used the chemeric face test(one half showing a neutral expression and the other half showing an emotional expression to get laterality quotient score,see if heterosexual and homosexual individuals make difference in lateralization so we can figure out whether they have different brain structures.If there is difference between heterosexual and homosexual participants then we support neurohormonal theories,and if there is not significant difference then we believe maybe sexual orientation is influenced by acquired factors More.And we also considered the eye movement data to see if there is a difference between heterosexual and homosexual individual's facial emotion processing.Besides,the material of experiment one and experiment two involved happy,angry and fear faces.It?s been proved that people are significant literalized in those emotional faces.Rahman and Anchassi(2012)found participants were right literalized for processing angry,fear,happy faces.If we found gender bias andliteralization are influenced by emotionality,then we should further explore wheather people have different processing strategies when they recoginizing different emotion faces.We found following results:? Heterosexual women,heterosexual men and homosexual women are both faster when they processing female photograph.Heterosexual women and homosexual women recognized more female than male pictures.But there is no significant difference between male and female photographs as heterosexual men?s facial emotion processing.Gender bias was not influenced by emotionality,all participants recognized more female faces than male.And heterosexual women processed neutral male faces faster than heterosexual men.? As we can see by the laterality quotient,heterosexual men,heterosexual women,homosexual women are both right literalized and their laterality quotient is above zero,and there is no significant difference between the three group of participants.There is no significant difference for processing different emotional faces.? Based on the eye Movement data,we reckoned that homosexual women have a similar strategy like heterosexual men in their facial emotion processing.To summarize,heterosexual and homosexual female make no difference in gender bias and leteralization,therefore we support the acquired factor theory.