| Alienation usually was defined as the sense of helplessness,meaninglessness,loneliness and other negative emotion that individual experienced due to their difficulty in dealing with others,unable to establish the effective connection with the social groups they belong to.Individuals with higher level of alienation are likely to suffer mental health disorders and other psychosocial adaptation problems.Previous research found that hearing-impaired adolescents hold a large proportion of the total number of people with disabilities in China,and a considerable number of hearing-impaired adolescents have psychological problems.What's more,hearing-impaired adolescents would experience higher level of alienation compared to adolescents with normal hearing.Adolescents' alienation was closely related to external factors and individual factors.For example,existing research found that parenting as external context factors was associated with adolescents' alienation,adolescents exposure to negative parenting are more likely to exert alienation.Additionally,friendship and individual self-concept were associated with adolescents' alienation.Moreover,parenting was also associated with adolescents' self-concept.However,whether parenting would impact adolescents' alienation indirectly through self-concept,especially hearing-impaired adolescents' alienation was still unclear.According to Developmental Conceptualism,the interaction between individual factors and external factors would influence individuals' development and adaptation.Therefore,the impact of self-concept on hearing-impaired adolescents' alienation was more likely to be influenced by environmental factors such as friendship support and friendship conflict.The present study was to explore character of hearing-impaired adolescents' alienation,and whether self-concept would mediate the relationship between parenting and hearing-impaired adolescents' alienation,and whether friendship support and friendship conflict would moderate the mediating effect.210hearing-impaired adolescents from two special schools in Jinan,Shandong Province were recruited to participate in this study.Hearing-impaired adolescents were asked to complete scales,including the General Alienation Scale(GAS),Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI),Self-Perception Profile for Children(SPPC)and Network of Relationships Inventory(NRI).The conclusion of the current study was as follows:(1)Hearing-impaired adolescents in junior high school scored higher on alienation than those in high schools and technical secondary schools.From junior high school to technical secondary school,the tendency of hearing-impaired adolescents' alienation was a “V” style.And boys in high schools scored higher on alienation than girls in in high schools.(2)Hearing-impaired adolescents' alienation had significant negative correlation with parental care and self-concept respectively;parental care had significant positive correlation with self-concept.Friendship support had significant and positive correlation with both social self-concept and physical self-concept,while it had no significant correlation with alienation and general self-concept.Friendship conflict had significant positive correlation with alienation and significant negative correlation with general self-concept,while it had no significant correlation with both social self-concept and physical self-concept.(3)Hearing-impaired adolescents' self-concept partially mediated the relationship between parental care and their alienation.And the mediating effect of self-concept was moderated by friendship support and friendship conflict.For hearing-impaired adolescents with higher friendship support and lower friendship conflict,the alienation of individuals with higher self-concept was significantly lower than those with lower self-concept.However,for hearing-impaired adolescents with lower friendship support and higher friendship conflict,there was no significant difference of alienation for individuals with higher and lower self-concept. |
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