| Max Scheler(1874-1928),a remarkable thinker with extremely high prestige in the 20th century,has left his impact on many fields,including ethics,anthropology,philosophy,sociology,theology,pedagogy,etc.His educational philosophy also shines among all the other thoughts.This paper,based on literatures related to Scheler's educational philosophy,gives an interpretation and discussion on his educational philosophy with the combination of related research results.Scheler's educational philosophy is mainly influenced by his life experience and religious belief.By analyzing Scheler's educational as well as teaching experience,it is not difficult to find out the impact of the life experience to his educational philosophy.While the thoughts of Christianity and Buddhism also brought a fresh aura to his educational philosophy.Discussions about the influence of the contemporary philosophical thoughts at that time to his educational philosophy are also held based on life philosophy and phenomenology.The nature and path of education mainly through the scope and the supreme doctrine of education,thus further demonstrated the path of education.Besides,the value of education is always the pivotal that shall not be overlooked.From the points of Scheler,the value of education was mainly shown on education vs.knowledge and education vs.model.The former part can be studied through knowledge of ruling,knowledge of education,and knowledge of salvation to explore the educational significance of knowledge.The latter was discussed from the inherited types of models and the educational significance of the personality of models.The educational philosophy of Scheler left practical significance to the development of modern education.First of all,he stressed education based on intuition in his eidetic intuition method,which enlightened the modern educational mode developed on the basis of abstraction and symbols.In the next,Scheler's respect to education and the sacred meaning offered by him to education sounded an alarm to the secularization of education in modern China.Nowadays,knowledge with traditional values and sacred meanings are gradually abandoned by modern education in China,thus both education and teachers are no longer respected,the profession of teacher has also lost its sacredness as well,which is actually a real problem demanding prompt solutions.At last,Scheler has always paid attention on the civilization and cultivation of education rather than the so-called occupational education which is popular in these days.From this point of view,the personal model of his educational philosophy has set a great example to us.The elite we educated shall be a person with perfected personality and real ethics rather than "exquisite egoist";shall be a person with knowledge,with his own moral uplift,and with universal responsibility;shall be a person always considering becoming a real "human" as his life goal. |
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