The Study Of Locative Words Up And Down On Tibeto-Burman Branch

Up and down are common locative words which cannot be replaced in everyday life.The study of Up and down on Chinese has gone further contrary to Tibeto-Burman Branch.This paper takes 24 languages in China which belong to Tibeto-Burman Branch as the research subjects in order to reveal the commonesses and the individualities of Up and down on Tibeto-Burman Branch through grammar,cognition,asymmetry and symmetry.This paper is divided into five chapters.Chapter One.Preface.This chapter explains the significance of the subject,states the literature review and introduces the research methods and the corpus resources.Chapter Two.The grammatical characters of Up and Down on Tibeto-Burman Branch.This chapter explains that the Up and Down on Tibeto-Burman Branch have the grammatical characters of having complex nature of word,disyllable-attaching compound word being the main form,being independent,being the subject and adverbial mainly in a sentence,grammaticalization being common through the way of nature of words,categories,word formation,independence,syntactic function and grammaticalization.Chapter Three.The cognitive characters of Up and Down on Tibeto-Burman Branch.This chapter explains that Up and Down are hierarchical and dimensional and show the characters by the means of dividing room into pieces.In addition,Up and Down can be metaphors of time words and approximate words.Chapter Four.The asymmetry and symmetry of Up and Down on Tibeto-Burman Branch.According to the analysis of Chapter Two and Chapter Three,this chapter defines that Up and Down are asymmetrical as well as symmetrical which depends on different situations on word matching.Besides,Up and Down are symmetrical on number which means the the number expressing Up is equal to the number expressing Down.Furthermore,the grammaticalization degree of Up is deeper than the grammaticalization degree of Down.Chapter Five.The Conclusion.This chapter concludes that Up and Down on Tibeto-Burman Branch have commonnesses on grammar and cognition and they are asymmetrical as well as symmetrical in use and evolution.