The Studies Of Jacoby's Dialectics Thought

The main task of Russell Jacoby's "Dialectic of Defeat" is to reveal that there are serious defects in the Soviet union's "orthodox Marx",namely Marxism dialectics as out of the freedom of the objective world "the dialectical law",The dialectics can be seen as the traditional formula of any mosaic theory.The book also reveals the inherent difficulties of the western Marxism dialectics.namely Marx's dialectics as a kind of historical dialectics or scientific dialectics.Jacoby thinks that dialectics is an important part of Marx's philosophy,and it is a good weapon to promote human's social revolution and realize human liberation.The reason is that Marx's dialectics is the practice of personal transformation of the real world "Dialectics",is a kind of practical dialectics.Jacoby's “social amnesia” is a Book of critique contemporary psychologists forget Freud criticism,which called for a return to Marx's Dialectics of practice.It is based on the double dimension of criticism and construction,Jacoby established the dialectics of Marx.Based on this,this paper is divided into four parts:In the first part,the author studies the theoretical form and serious defects of the dialectics of the "orthodox Marx" in the Soviet union.He mainly discusses from the following three aspects: First of all,from the theoretical level to investigate its dialectic of the simple understanding of general laws of nature,human society and thought,such dialectics light nature ignore history,light objectivity ignore subjectivity,in theory and practice,more emphasis on practice.Secondly,the kind of dialectics is related to the great Russian tradition,the social background and the theoretical background.Finally,from the aspects of theory and practice analysis of the failure of Soviet materialist dialectics,the cause of the failure lies in misunderstanding the theory of Hagel and Marx,and Soviet leader's excessive administrative intervention in Marx's philosophy.In the second part,the author studies the way of the Western Marxism to Marx's dialectics and its internal predicament.He mainly discusses from the following three aspects: First,he outlines the interpreting route of "humanism" and "scientific" dialectics,in the western Marx doctrine is mainly historical dialectics,such dialectics light history ignore natural,light subjectivity ignore objectivity,in theory and practice,more emphasis on theory.Secondly,he explains that this kind of pluralistic dialectics is closely related to the liberalism and rationalism tradition,the social background and the theoretical background of Western philosophy.In the end,he analyzes the inherent predicament of Western Marx dialectics from the perspective of the theoretical form,the position of the philosopher and the negative influence of the Western Marxism dialectics.The reason lies in emphasizing the inherent difficulties of history,philosophy of nature,change the role of exaggerated rejection of the subject to the object,ignoring dependence,one-sided emphasis on theory,cause between theory and practice of fault.The third part is the core part of this article,which is the main content of Jacoby's dialectic thought.This part examines the inner link between Freud's psychoanalysis and the dialectics of Marx.He mainly discusses from the following three aspects: First,from the analysis of the forgotten contemporary reality to explore the dialectical self theory of Frankfurt school,Jacoby aims to clarify that psychoanalysis is the psychological basis of Marx's dialectics.Secondly,from the perceptual existence of human beings,the oppression and alienation of human beings,and the salvation and liberation of human beings,the theoretical basis of the intrinsic combination of psychoanalysis and Marx dialectics can be clarified.Finally,Jacoby tries to restore the dialectics is the unity of history and nature,the unity of subjectivity and objectivity,as well as the practice of dialectical unity of theory and practice.In the fourth part,the author probes into the realistic path of Marx's dialectics.He mainly discusses from the following three aspects: First,he explores how to restore the subjectivity of Marx dialectics of reality: intellectuals,the specific way is to expand the intellectual of Marx's dialectics theory of identity,reconstruction of public spirit and the utopian spirit of intellectuals.Secondly,Marx's Dialectics of practical process should adhere to the methodology of the study is to resist social amnesia,reflect the reality of the historical structure,subjective dialectics against worship,establish rational subjectivity and pay attention to "individual" and "political" combination.Finally,the basic principles of Marx's dialectics are discussed,that is,to insist on the unity of criticism and construction,to adhere to the subjective initiative of people,and to insist on the combination of theory and practice.