On C-E Translation Of Standard Operation Procedures In PCB Manufacturing Approached From Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory

A standard operation procedure,or SOP,is a set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organization to help workers carry out routine operations.An SOP is to use a formal,standard template to define the process or requirement of an event.Printed circuit board,an important electronic component,often abbreviated to PCB or PWB(Printed wire board)in English,is an electronic component support,which also has metal conductor circuits to connect electronic components.World class multinational PCB enterprises such as TTM Technologies,Viasystems Group,Multek,Sanmina-SCI,etc.,have all established their manufacturing bases in mainland China to manufacture PCB or purchased local printed circuit board companies in China.An SOP is the optimization of the control point in each operating process.The SOP translated from Chinese into English allows each employee(including Chinese and foreign employees)to work in accordance with the SOP and then to make some improvement.At the same time,an SOP ensures the continuity of daily work and the accumulation of relevant knowledge.Then it virtually allows PCB manufacturing to cut some management costs.Translation theories as regards C-E translation of SOPs in PCB manufacturing are still lacking for some reasons,so are effective principles and methods,which presents a great problem for the translation work.Literal translation without considering target language reader's response is always unacceptable.Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory takes effect in solving this problem.Reader's response is the focus of functional equivalence.Translation is a process of communication.The success of translation depends on what people understand in listening to / reading the translation,not on what the translator wants to convey.The author of this thesis makes an analysis of the problems existing in C-E translation of SOPs in PCB manufacturing,such as over-strained word-for-word translation;lack of unity of concepts and terminology;mishandling of stylistic features of SOPs.Then the Functional Equivalence Theory is applied in C-E translation of SOPs in PCB manufacturing to find solutions to the above problems.The Chinese SOP and English SOP features are also studied.The methods of literal translation,free translation and word-to-morpheme translation are found to be applied in the C-E translation of SOPs in PCB manufacturing.Finally,the paper summarizes the major points concerning C-E translation of SOPs in PCB manufacturing translation.