Ethic Risks About Savior Siblings' Implementation Technologies And Their Related Coping Strategies

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis,as a reproductive technology involving embryo selection,has been stirring up a considerable debate around the world-wide.The creation of savior siblings has widened the horizon,bringing hope for all the victims – the sick child and their parents;however,it has led to a number of serious ethical issues.It reminds us to considerate such heated questions,such as how to respect life,what is the meaning and value of life,whether human being can be treated as commodity or not,whether human being is a means for others.However,few studies that target PGD in savior siblings are available in Chinese databases.The thesis presents the process of creating and use of a savior sibling,its concept,value for medicine,and relationship with PGD,as well as the regulations with regard to PGD in developed countries.The use of PGD to create savior siblings,who are with the exact issue matches to ill siblings,has gradually become a widespread practice in the world.The countries,like the United States,the United Kingdom,France,Australia,Netherland and China,have already implemented PGD technology and created savior siblings under regulations of their related law.Among these countries,the most representative ones are the United Kingdom and France,as their implementation of savior siblings and PGD and other technologies are well regulated through guidelines issues by professional organizations.As to China,the regulations regarding savior siblings and PGD are gradually improving,and till now,the government has regulated the indications contraindications of PGD,its related requirements about the medical organizations and staff,and also has provided seven ethical guidelines.This chapter reviewed the literature in and out of China and discussed and summarized the main findings,to propose recommendations for improving Chinese laws and regulations on savior siblings and laws.This points out the five ethical concerns with regard to savior siblings and PGD,including the risk of commodity,the risk of designer babies,the risk of autonomy harm,the welfare of savior siblings and the risk of un-equality.Following this,the author discussed these ethical dilemmas in detail.One of the most common objections to this procedure lies in the idea that it is wrong to bring children into existence ?conditionally',as in the view of some,creating a savior sibling is merely conceiving a child to be used as an instrument and an object in curing a sick child.It is not ethical if their parents bring a child into the world to serve as a tissue donor.When it comes to children as commodities,there is more convincing literature that turns on the fact that life is better than non-existence.The next argument is permitting the deliberate creation of savior siblings would be to step onto a slippery slope towards allowing ?designer babies',for example,to choose specific characteristics of their baby,such as skin color or eye.This is viewed as overuse of PGD technology.In addition,children who are created as savior siblings are likely to be low self-esteem.To save their ill sibling makes them lose interests in life and become distressed.Then,how to protect savior siblings' welfare,to make sure they are not harmed,is a tough question which should be taken seriously.The essay provides the solutions for the above ethical dilemmas,including the ethical guidelines,laws and regulations that should be followed and alternative procedures or ways that may assist to solve the savior siblings' issues.Ethical tenets that should be abided by when it comes to savior siblings involves ?people-centered' principle,the principle of beneficence and non-maleficence,the principle of informed consent,non-commercialization principle and strict access principle.Chinese government can employ to approach savior siblings' creation and its use,to better meet savior siblings' needs,protect their rights as a normal human being,to minimize the harm done to savior siblings,and to maximize their family's happiness.The thesis discusses the effects for children who donate their belongings to their sick siblings.In conclusion,the use of PGD should be regulated in order to give each child and each situation its rightful time to be heard and evaluated.If the modern and advanced technology can be used to save lives,ethics can be applied and protect each human being's right,there is no reason that PGD to be unavailable.Laws and regulations that are issued by the government are imperative to regulate how PGD are performed and when savior siblings can be created.