Study On Gu Yanwu's People-oriented Thought Of Political Philosophy

Gu Yanwu is a famous patriotic scholar in the Ming and Qing dynasty,he used “Chi” as the unity carrier of the real world through the materialist perspective,and realized unity of heaven and man's relationship by “etiquette”.His philosophy always respected the subjectivity of man,he took the reflection of natural human nature and social reality as the starting point,and affirmed the legitimacy of “Selfishness”,and provided theoretical support for the equality of political personality and the enjoyment of natural rights,thus establishing the political stance for the people.People-oriented intrinsic demand prompted him to pay attention to people as leaders of the ruling rationality basis,to make the monarch for the people as the foundation.He proposed political ethics of “monarch and courtiers collaboration” and the system of “give the people rights” to curb his curse of autocratic monarchy.Thus it was formed the political system by monarch and minister,central and local governments,both inside and outside,and ensuring the subject status of people on the level of perceived value and governing concept.Gu Yanwu used the rational reflection of the enlightenment thinkers to help make the public became an independent subject,dispelling ethic alienation to people the value of deprivation,and inspiring people consciously cognitive own social value in the spirit of heroes,thus forming “protect the world” as the core of the national spirit,for the national development and national unity to play an active role in promoting.However,Gu Yanwu's people-oriented thoughts had limitations because of the consciousness of respecting monarch,in he in cognitive value,management norms and the system of checks and balances on the governance practice is for maintaining the monarchy,but shame morality concept and democratic factors still had important reference value,absorbing rightly its rationality factors contribute to the transformation of the current China's service-oriented government,and promoting the national modernization civilization construction to achieve the unity of inheritance and development.