The Experimental Study About Children's SNARC Effect On Visual Spatial Attention

With the domestic of modernization,we are asked to master the number,quantity,algorithm and cultivating the cognitive ability,moreover,to known the digital space characterization is an important part of digital cognitive ability.The discovery of spatial-numerical association of response codes effect shows that digital information is spatially coded in a particular direction and has the characteristics of coupling.In this study,we used Posner paradigm combined with Dehaene parity judgment task to research the difference between 7 years old,9 years old and 11 years old and adults in spatial-numerical association of response codes.In other words,Aiming at exploring the developmental differences of the spatial-numerical association of response codes.The paradigm of Posner which makes a distinction between endogenous attention and exogenous attention.What's more,the endogenous attention means top-down,need to consciously strive to obtained;and exogenous attention means a bottom-up,automated attention processing process.What's more,the cues are divided into valid cue(75% of valid cue hints in this study)and invalid cue,which based on previous findings,in general,valid cue will accelerate the reaction,and invalid cue will slow down the reaction,or even becoming an interference.Previous studies have shown that the response of different age groups to SNARC are not the same.Now,when attached to the attention and cue,it would make a sense that help to understand the differences in the number cognitive abilities in different ages.In the experiment one,from the perspective of endogenous attention,the cue is a paradigm that the central gaze becomes the guide of arrow formation,and the statistical analysis carried out with the reaction time to discuss whether the SNARC effect is exists or not.The second experiment,from the perspective of exogenous attention,the cue is one of the left and right sides of the ring turn into red,in addition,through the reaction to exploring the SNARC effect exists or not.In view of developed researches was less in previous studies,this study focuses on the SNARC effect of different ages.Adopting the design of the subjects-between,accepting randomize division of each group of subjects to achieve balanced effect,the purpose of experiments is to compare the cue effect of different age groups in different attention conditions(endogenous attention and exogenous attention).Experimental hypothesis,the impact of cue on the each groups may be differences under different attention conditions.The results showed that,the response time was shortened and the SNARC effect was increased with the increase of age,it means that the capability between spatial and numerical becoming more strong.The main effect of the cue was significant in each age groups,and the response time of the valid cue is shorter than the invalid cue condition,it means that the cue does affect the SNARC effect.Endogenous attention to the valid cue conditions,7-year-old children have the SNARC effect,this point shows that the kids can exist SNARC effect under the top-bottom attention level.However,whether valid cues or invalid clues,7-years-old children are not existed SNARC effect in exogenous attention,noted that the exogenous attention strengthen the interfere of cue.