A Study On The Northern Song Dynasty Emperor?s Accepting Advice

Asking opinions for people was a common political phenomenon in the ancient chinese society,which was the emperor issued edict for asking advice initiatively or passively.Its purpose was that it could improve the political structure.Following the hundreds of theories was removed and the Confuncianism was respcted,Dong Zhongshu?s heaven-human induction became the mainstream But.under the guidance of this idea and the practice of Han dynasty and Tang dynasty,asking advice for people frequently in the Song dynasty.The number of asking opinions for people had reached thirty eight,which was included three types:ascension,natural disasters and the crisis.There were four reasons about the Song dynasty emperor ?s accepting advice frequently.The first,in ordering to set up the liberal image.The second,with the high political participation enthusiasm,the scholar-bureaucrat submited statement positively and used the heawen-human theory to require the emperors.The third,Under the patter of the party of Northern Song Dynasty,asking for advice adapted to the needs of partisan bickering.The forth,Dong Zhongshu?s heaven-humanAlthough this activity of asking for opinions is frequent and it had variable types,its role of improving political governance is not obvious.On the one hand,this activity meeted emperor?s demand about setting up the liberal image and provided an opportunity to take part in the polity.On the other hand,the fierce competion is the political feature in the Northern Song dynasty and the two activity had close connection.Before the political activity of Yuanyou politial transition,the empress dowager and Si Maguang used the emperor Zhezong?s ascending the trone to gather strength of rejecting Wang Anshi reform.All this paved the way for the later Yuanyou politial transition in public opinions.After ascending the trone of emperor Huizong,the'Yuanfu Shangshu' has became important basis of supressing Yuanyou Party and Yuanfu Party.The political struggle had aggraveted by asking opinions for people in the later of Northern Song dynasty.