The Research On Loyalty Of The Scholars Of Jishan School

In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,scholars faced the truth that Chong Zhen died for his empire and Qing Dynasty occupied the Central Plains,they have to make plenty of choices.Some of them choose to die for their motherland,some resisted the army of Qing dynasty,some withdraw from society and live in solitude.However,they all ponder over the notion of loyalty.Among these people,the scholars of Jishan School are representative.As a confucian scholar and the founder of Jishan School,Liu Zong Zhou examined the issue of life and death with detachment,and used life and death as a measuring stick of loyalty,and went on a hunger strike to test and verify his theory,which affected the scholars at that time and his students on the academically.His students have inherited his concept of loyalty,but death can't be looked as the only standards for loyalty.As his most important students,Chen Que,Huang Zong Xi and Zhang Lv Xiang inherited and developed the theory of Confucianism and loyalty.on the one hand,death for country was considered to be meaningful by his students,on the other hand,they distinguished between self-destruction and death for country.They pointed out how to put loyalty into practice that premised upon the existence of human life.Furthermore,his students continued to expand the scholarship and spread moral wisdom.In a word,we could get a conclusion that the concept which loyalty equated to death has been rectified through analysis of loyalty of the scholars of Jishan School.In addition,their theory and moral idea has become more acceptable which caused strong social response.