The Effect Of Self-control On The Reactive Aggression Of Junior High School Students In Hostile Situations

Based on the the general aggression model and the I~3 theory,this study focuses on the influencing factors and mechanism of junior high school students'reactive aggression.The general aggression model indicates that individual factors and situational factors influence the reactive aggression.Gender differences are one of the more classic factors in previous studies,meanwhile,as an important influencing factor for the mental health of junior high school students,the left-behind experience has been paid more and more attention by researchers.Provocation is one kind of hostile situational factor commonly used to induce reactive aggression.In addition,I~3 theory suggests that self-control may play an important role in the above relationship.Therefore,in current study,we use gender and left-behind experience as individual factors,provocation as a situational factor,to probe further into the effects of individual factors on reactive aggression in different hostile situations,and we also discusses the role of self-control in it.This study adopts the modified Taylor Aggression Paradigm to induce and measure the reactive aggression.The effectiveness of the modified Taylor Aggression Paradigm is verified by Experiment 1,meanwhile we also probe the impact of gender and aggression on Junior high school students'reactive aggression.The Experiment 2 changes the individual factors into the left-behind experience,and discussed the discrepancy of reactive aggression induced by different left-behind experiences.On the basis of Experiment 2,we adds the self-control factor into the Experiment 3,to discuss the influence of provocation and self-control on the reactive aggression of junior high school students who have different left-behind experience.The results of the study are as following:In this study,the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire(BPAQ)and Self-Control Scale(SCS)have good applicability in junior high school students.The Cronbach?of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire(BPAQ)is 0.855,confirmatory factor analysis of various fitting index respectively are as follows:?2/df=1.160,CFI=0.971,TLI=0.969,RMSEA=0.021.The Cronbach?of the Self-Control Scale(SCS)is 0.829,confirmatory factor analysis of various fitting index respectively are as follows:?2/df=1.189,CFI=0.976,TLI=0.971,RMSEA=0.023.Both questionnaires are in good reliability and validity in this study.Besides,in Experiment 1,the level of punishment chosen by participants under different provocation levels was significantly different(t=-5.061,p<0.001),and the level of punishment chosen by the subjects was positively correlated with the score of BPAQ(r=0.397,p<0.01).Therefore the improved Taylor Aggression paradigm can effectively induce and measure the aggression of junior high school students.In Experiment 1,the main effect of provocation is significant(F=25.415,p<0.001,?_p~2=0.291),it means that the reactive attack induced by provocation has the phenomenon of"tit for tat"in junior high school students.The main effect of gender and the interaction between gender and aggression are not significant,it is proved that there is no gender difference in middle school students.In Experiment 2,the main effect of provocation and left-behind experience is significant(F=10.490,16.670,p<0.01,?_p~2=0.145,0.212),it is proved that the prevalence of"tit-for-tat"phenomenon and the left-behind experience have influence on reactive aggression.The interaction is also equally significant(F=13.209,p<0.01,?_p~2=0.176),simple effect analysis shows that the provocation had a significant impact on the participants who were left behind(F=23.62,p<0.001),when the participants face with a highly provocative opponent,the left-behind experience has a significant impact on their aggression(F=46.30,p<0.001).This series of experimental results show that aggression and left-behind experience have a common influence on the reactive aggression of junior high school students.In Experiment 3,The main effect of provocation and self-control is significant(F=38.471,71.507,p<0.001,?_p~2=0.237,0.366),it means that self-control inhibits reactive aggression.The interaction between self-control and the left-behind experience is significant(F=8.647,p<0.01,?_p~2=0.165).The simple effect analysis shows that the left-behind experience has a significant influence on the low self-control(F=5.02,p<0.05),and it has no significant influence on the high self-control,which proves the restriction of self-control on the left-behind experience.The third-order interaction of self-control,left-behind experience and aggressive are significant,simple simple effect analysis shows that self control limits on left-behind experience function mainly displays in the lower level of aggression,self control effect on defiance also has limitation and mainly displays in participants without left behind experience,self-control also restricts the interaction between left-behind experience and aggression.Conclusions:The BPAQ and SCS are applicable to junior high school students.The improved Taylor Aggression paradigm used in the study can effectively induce reactive attacks of junior high school students.The"tit-for-tat"phenomenon exists in junior high school students,and there is no gender difference,but left-behind experience differences,and"tit for tat"phenomenon is mainly found in the participants who have left behind.The high level of self-control inhibits reactive aggression;self-control has limited effect on individual factors,situational factors and the interaction between them.