The Influence Of Social Preference And Advantage Characteristics On Selective Trust Of 3-5 Years Old Children

Social preference refers to the tendency of actors to pay attention to others' gains or behaviors,children's ability to recognize their social preferences will affect their social development.There are two different types: shared preferences / shared knowledge.Shared preference means children can perceive whether they have the same social preference with others and use this preference to guide their behavior;shared knowledge refers to whether children can perceive whether they have the same social cultural knowledge with others and use this similarity to guide their own behavior.Most of the current research focuses on the effects of information and the characteristics of its providers on children's selective trust,but there is still a lack of discussion based on children's own social preferences and multiple clues.The aim of this study is to explore the latest clues and cognitive basis influencing preschool children's selective trust and to study children's social preferences and the advanced characteristics' impact on selective trust.There are two experimental designs:in experiment one,preschool children aged 3-5 as subjects.Regarding the two children's social preferences types(shared preference and shared knowledge)? the naming advantages as independent variable,and let the children's selective trust acting as dependent variable to explore whether these factors affect selective trust;in experiment two,the advantage of strength takes place of the advantage of naming characteristics as independent variables to explore whether these feature affect selective trust.The experiment's results show that different types of social preferences(shared knowledge/shared preference)could significantly affect children's selective trust,but there are still existing similarities and differences when in different advantage characteristics scenarios(naming advantage/strength advantage).Shared knowledge has more advantages than common preference of leading the selective trust.Besides,naming advantage has stronger leading effect on selective trust,at the meanwhile,losing naming advantage could have misleading effect on selective trust.Strong / weak strength characteristics could further enhance/weaken children's selective trust behavior.With the growth of age,under the premise of forming social preferences,theinfluence of strength advantage on children's selective trust behavior is gradually decreasing and tends to be consistent.At the age of 3,there is no significant difference in the influence of strength characteristics on selective trust.At the age of 4,children can distinguish the different types of strength advantage and match the confidence level of the information provider.At the age of 5,children have no significant difference in the number of selective trust points at different levels of strength advantage.The researchers also found that 5-year-old children have been able to identify the correlation between selective trust tasks and different experimental clues so as to make more rational selective trust judgment.This research is a basic research that imitates children's trust judgment in realistic social situations,and it makes more empirical supplements for the field of selective trust.Children in the real social situation often need to face cross cues from many aspects and fields,therefore,results in complex situations can provide more evidence for our understanding of the development of children's selective trust.It can also provide a theoretical basis for future research and empirical basis of others in this respect.