Study On The Influencing Factors Of Intertemporal Choice From The Perspective Of Temporal And Spatial Metaphors

Metaphor has been proven not only as a form of rhetoric but as a means of cognition and thinking.By means of metaphor,people can understand intangible,abstract,and complex concepts such as time,money,and fate.For the concept of "time ",people are more often used to represent and understand spatial concepts.This kind of metaphor that uses space to represent time is known as a time-space metaphor,abbreviated Temporal-spatial metaphor.Researchers have demonstrated that the existence of space-time metaphors is psychologica lly realistic.Further,they found that when people use space to represent time,there are two perspectives: self-movement,time movement.And,in different cultura lly different language systems,there is universality.Temporal and spatia l metaphor perspectives are inextricably linked with temporal perception.Temporal and spatia l metaphorical perspectives can change people's perception of time,that is,people adopting different perspectives have different perceptions about how time changes.Therefore,people adopting the self-moving spatio-temporal metaphor perspective tend to underestimate the time span.People adoptin g the time-space metaphorical perspective of time migration tend to overestimate the time span.Since the spatial-temporal metaphorical perspective is a way of thinking,it can also change people's perception of the length of time,which will inevitably affect some decisions and behaviors related to the time dimens ion.Among them,intertempora l choice is a type of decision task performed under the time dimens ion.In intertemporal choices,people usually face a current(immediate)time and a future(delayed)time,both of which involve different amounts,or gains or losses.Time is an important dimension in intertemporal choices.Studies have shown that people perceived at different times are different when making decisions.In intertemporal selection,people use discount rates to express the degree of decision-maker's discounting of the future amount of money and their preference for decision-making.The higher the discount rate,the more likely it is to choose the immediate option;the lower the discount rate,the more like ly it is to choose the deferral option.In other words,the spatial-tempora l metaphorical perspective can change people's time perception,and one of the influenc ing factors of intertempora l choice of time perception is based on this.Based on this,this article will discuss the influence of spatial-temporal metaphor perspective on intertempora l choice.Since intertemporal choice is a complex type of decision-making behavior,people will have many influences when making intertemporal choices.Therefore,in order to better examine the impact of spatio-temporal metaphor perspectives,the study added two independent variables: time interval and profit and loss scenarios.In order to discuss the temporal and spatial metaphor,the two types of influenc ing factors for intertemporal choice are the time interval and the profit and loss scenario.Experiment 1 is a selection task for intertemporal choice,using 2(tempora l-spatia l metaphor perspective: se lf-moving,perspective movement)×2(profit and loss scenario: gain,loss)experimenta l design,and the discount rate is the dependent variable.Experiment 2 is a matching task paradigm chosen for intertemporal use,adopting 2(spatial and spatia l metaphor perspective: self-moving,perspective moving)×3(time interva l: 1 month,6 months,12 months)×2(profit and loss scenario: acquisition,loss)The mixed experiment design,where the temporal and spatial metaphor perspectives are the intersubject variables,time intervals,profit and loss scenarios are the subject variables,and the discount rate is the dependent variable.This study has 4 conclusions from experiments:(1)The spatial-tempora l metaphor perspective has an impact on the discount rate for intertemporal choices.The self-moving perspective group has a low deferred discount rate,and the time-shifted group has a high deferred discount rate.That is,the self-moving perspective participants are more willing to wait while the time shift perspective The subjects tend to meet instantly.(2)The time interval has an impact on the discount rate for intertempora l choices.As the time interval increases,the discount rate increases,ie,on the conditions of 1 month,6 months,and 12 months,w ith future options and current options.The time interval gradua lly increased,and the subjects were increasingly reluctant to wait.(3)The profit and loss scenario has an impact on the delayed discount rate of intertempora l choices,and different experimental paradigms will have different effects.In the selection task,the discount rate of the revenue scenario is greater than the loss scenario,and the “symbolic effect” appears,and the matching task The discount rate of the revenue scenario is less than the loss scenario and there is no "symbolic effect".(4)The spatial-temporal metaphor perspective and the profit and loss scenario have interactions.Subjects under the self-movement perspective tend to make long-term favorable choices.The profit scenario is more willing to wait,and the loss scenario stops in time.