Marxist View Of Practice And Its Contemporary Value

Practice is an important part of Marxist philosophy. The word “practice” was first coined by Socrates. Afterwards, Plato and Aristotle made discussions of it from different aspects. The theoretical source of Marxist view of practice can be traced to Kant's and Feuerbach's practice thoughts.Marxist view of practice has been in continuous development since it was founded. Due to their participation in labor movements and investigations in social reality, Marx and Engel's understanding of practice was increasingly deepened. Lenin fully proved the importance of practice during the Russian revolution and construction of Soviet state. He holds the view that practice is the first and basic view of epistemology. Our leaders from Mao to Xi attached great importance to practice. They combined Marxist view of practice with China's concrete situation, and further developed it during the new-democratic revolution and the reform and opening-up.Since the Eighteenth National Congress, facing the new reality, chairman Xi has inherited and developed Marxist view of practice. He emphasizes that “Empty talks jeopardize national interests. Otherwise, pragmatic works bring development.” He confirms the social historicity of practice, develops the theory of production practice, values the adjustment of social practice, and emphasizes people's happiness as the goal of practice. The conclusion of Xi's practice thought is an innovation point of this paper.Practice, as a unique power, may cause negative effects as well as positive ones. The deterioration of ecological environment, the widened gap between the rich and the poor and the lack of individual independence are caused by negative practice in some extent. To analyze these problems from practice's view is a difficulty.This paper includes four parts. The first part is the introduction. It is a summary of the research background and research status at home and abroad. The second part is the theoretical source of Marxist view of practice, including the bringing forward of practice and the practice thoughts of German classical philosophers. The third part is Marxist view of practice, including the practice thoughts of Marx, Engels, Lenin and Chinese leaders. The fourth part is the contemporary thinking about Marxist practice. In this part, author reflects on the contemporary practice from three aspects: relationship between human and nature, human and society and human and themselves. A detailed discussion is carried out on such issues as the deterioration of the ecological environment, the gap between the rich and the poor and the lack of individual independence.