| It is obvious to all that China's rapid economic development has brought about a range of social welfare.However,with China's aging problem getting more and more serious,the institutions of pension service in many areas have been difficult to meet the needs of the local aged.Therefore,the aging problem has become an important breakthrough point for the Party and the state to solve the livelihood issues.In recent years,the institutions of pension service in China have begun to develop,which plays an important role in solving aging problems.However,due to the late start of the pension service,there are still problems in the development,such as the imperfect management systems,the shortage of employees as well as the limited source of fund.Therefore,the institutional providing for the elderly hardly meet the satisfaction of them,which makes a great theoretical and practical significance to do the research in the developing of institutions of pension service.This paper mainly uses literature research method,questionnaire method,normative analysis as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis to analyze the development of the institutions of age service in the Feicheng City.Firstly,this paper clarifies the basic concepts,classifications and characteristics,importance and theoretical basis of the institutions of pension service.Secondly,this paper summarizes the development process,types and effectiveness of institutions of pension service.Thirdly,this paper studies the internal operation mechanism of the institutions of pension service,which mainly focuses on the organizational management mechanism,the personnel management mechanism,the service mechanism,as well as the investment and financing mechanism.Then the author uses the SF-36 Health Survey Scales to analyze the quality of life of the elderly,and tries to find out the factors which may influence the quality of life of the elderly by using single factor analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis.Finally,this paper puts forward the countermeasures of optimizing the institutions of pension service.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The development process of Feicheng City can be divided into three stages.The first stage is the stable development period.During the period,the number of institutions of pension service is relatively large and the change of the number is small.The institutions do not open to the public,and the elderly who enjoy the service are all with five guarantees.The second stage is the reform period.During the period,the number of the institutions of pension service drops sharply.All the village-level nursing homes are abolished,and other nursing homes are rectified.The number of institutions of pension service decreases year by year,while the number of the elderly who stay in the institutions increases slowly.In this stage,only the elderly with five guarantees can enjoy the service.The third stage is accelerated development period.Since the opening of the first private nursing home in 2008,the government has invested a lot of money to carry out the expansion and transformation of institutions of pension service.The number of institutions of pension service increase year by year,which shows the continuous adjustment of the service provider in Feicheng City.(2)In Feicheng city,there are four main types of pension service institutions,namely,public nursing homes,private nursing homes,day care centers and rural happiness homes.Among them,public nursing homes,private nursing homes and day care centers respectively account for 14%,8% and 10%,which take a smaller proportion.For rural happiness homes,the proportion is 68%,which is larger than the others.After years of development,all the institutions produce a good effect.First,it preliminarily meets the needs of the elderly.Second,it promotes the harmonious development of family and society.Third,it promotes the development of the economy.(3)Through analyzing the operation mechanism of the pension service institutions in Feicheng City,the findings are as follows: first,in the respect of organizational management mechanism,most of the pension service institutions is sound,but the institutions which are not very sound also account for 30%.Therefore,the pension service institutions in Feicheng City need to be further improved.Second,in the respect of personnel management mechanism,the number of the employees is not enough and the turnover rate is high.The structure of the medical staffs is unreasonable and the medical staffs lack training and professional education.Third,in the respect of service mechanism,the equipment of the institution is serious aging and the number is not enough.The service is too little to satisfy the elderly.The management system and service are not sound.In the respect of investment and financing mechanism,there are also problems like narrow fundraising channels,slow cost recovery,and the unreasonable price.What's more,there are also regulatory problems such as lags of supervision,lack of legal awareness,imperfect legal safeguard mechanism,etc.(4)When doing the research of the life quality of the elderly in the pension service institutions by using the SF-36 Health Survey Scales,this paper finds that the quality of life of male is better the quality of life of the female.The older of the aged,the lower of the quality of life.And the elderly with the higher education level and higher income have a better quality of life.Based on the single factor analysis of variance and the multiple linear regre ssion analysis,it is found that the main factors that influence the life quality of the elderly in the Feicheng City are the medical security,age and income level of the elderly according to the degree of impact.(5)To solve the problems encountered in the development of pension service institutions,the main countermeasures are as follows: in terms of pension service institutions,they should establish a standardized management system and a people-oriented service concept,actively adjust the transformation,reduce fees,strengthen the professional training of serving staff and enhance the treatment of employees.In terms of the government,they should play a leading role in the development,establish assessment and supervision mechanism,strengthen government support,implement support policies,improve the legal system and strengthen legal publicity.In terms of the community,volunteers should be encouraged to participate in the pension service.The publicity should be strengthen and the traditional concept of pension should be changed. |
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