A Study On The Intellectual History Of Russian Conservatism:The Evolution Of Ideas And Practical Cases

Conservatism is a kind of global and positionist political thought,whose general values are to criticize the modernity,rethink the rationalism,and pursue the archaeo-modernity and post-secularism.All of these values create the very opportunity for the dialogue among the conservative thoughts worldwide.Meanwhile,conservatism sets its sight on specificity as well.Speaking the specificities of Russian conservatism,which usually includes:resisting the revolution,remaining the skeptical of freedom,cherishing the morality and orthodox,and emphasizing the historical consistence of "nation,society and family".Richard Pipes thought that conservatism is the only local political thought in Russian intellectual history,which originated from the 15th century and still remains alive today.Conservatism has experienced three periods during the Russian Empire,from the classic conservatism to the statist-preservationist conservatism and then the Russo-Orthodox conservatism.But in the late of Russian Empire,Russian conservatism seemed hard to maintain the balance both in the social reality and political thoughts,so it finally disappeared with the collapse of the empire.During the Soviet Union,conservatism not only inherited the traditional political thoughts while admitting the socialism,but also found the common connections between them.In this period,Russian conservatism was very practical,which depended on the government,and developed a close connection with the Eurasianism.During the post-soviet period,Russian conservatism inherited the basic principles of Eurasianism,and represented by Alexander Panarin and Alexander Dugin.Vladimir Putin is one of the leading thinkers of liberal conservatism at the sense of political philosophy,whose political aims are to pursue the great country,maintain the collectivistic values,pluralistic world values and traditional moral values.Recently contemporary Russian conservatism paid tight attention to the living conditions of LGBT in Russia,and obviously,established a close relationship with the European far right.Anyway,the most important values of conservatism are "reflection" and"respect".This dissertation is to suggest reflecting the problems of globalization based on the "Liberal Internationalism",and trying to establish a "de-central Concert of Powers" in respect of both Russia and other civilizations through equal dialogue.