Research On Chen Chiung-ming's "Federated Democracy"

Taiping rebellion brings to the Qing Government's influence was far-reaching, particularly on the political structure and fiscal systems. Although the Qing government suppressed it with a 14-year period, but also to lay the Foundation for the rise of Chinese Governors. The central powers falling, and Governors' powers rising, resulting in increasing local ownership, coupled with new ideas enter, making the evolution of the late Qing dynasty is not a former dynasty changes.The revolution of 1911 overthrow the monarchy which is established more than 2000 years since Qin dynasty, established Asia's first Republic. However, the Asia's first Republic was due to various subjective and objective reasons in a State of disorder a power running. In this case, many people with insight and the Governors begin to reflect on how to build a real Republic.Chen Chiung-Ming as an important historical figure in the early years of Republic of China, rich in political practice. As the actual governor, he has unique views of the construction of the country. Chen Chiung-Ming raised "Federated democracy", uphold the core of local autonomy and believes that local autonomy is premised on an individual's thought of liberation, and " Occupational representation" and " Geographical representation" combined as a whole, public opinion Center as the core of contacts at all levels, constitute the autonomous system. Based on autonomy and the principle of checks and balances, Chen Chiung-Ming divisives the State power to the Congress, the national people's Conference and the national judiciary. In this vision, but also by the Central Political Committee of the parliamentary elections, based on the " Principle of Separate the functions " executive administrator, thus building a degree of autonomy from the bottom up as the core of the Republican government.Because of political change, Chen Chiung-Ming's " Federated democracy " has not been fully implemented, of which only a few of the practice--such as County election, the provincial Constitution, "Occupational representation" and " Geographical representation" combination. In practice, many at that time were revolutionary. However, Chen Chiung-Ming and Sun Yat-Sen's ideas different from each other, failures in the political struggle of Chen Chiung-Ming unable to implement their ideas.Chen Chiung-Ming failed finally, but failure is only a man, not a thought. In today's pluralistic society, should re-examine these negative thoughts by ideology, " Federated democracy " idea is still worth considering, for example how to transfer a country with a strong authoritarian tradition into a modern democracy, how to improve the electoral system, and so on, to date, these ideas or practice is far from obsolete.