The Research Of Famous American Tibetologist William Woodvile Rockhill And His Discourse About Tibet

Since the late 19th and early 20th century American involvement in China's Tibet since the Tibet issue has gradually become an important issue in Sino-US relations. With the continual changing international situation and Sino-US relations, the US government for their own interests, constantly adjusts its policy toward the reservoir. However, the US government for the Tibet issue official attitude has not always been changed that recognizes that Tibet is part of Chinese territory, China's sovereignty over Tibet. The basic principle of U.S. official attitude towards Tibet is from the US Far East Policies Godfather and drafters' when he was appointed United States ambassador to China Rockhill. In other words, Rockhill's discourse on Tibet not only affected the development of early American office's Tibet discourse, but also laid the overall tone of Tibet Discourse of US administrations in the future. Therefore the article will focus on Rockhill's Tibet activities and discourses to explore the relationship of Rockhill Tibet discourse and the US government on Tibet Concept.As the first batch of Americans looking for China's Tibet,Rockhill had a dual identity of a scholar and a diplomat. From the viewpoint of a scholar, Rockhill is one of the outstanding scholars in the western academia who has many identities, such as a explorers, a geographers,an anthropologists ,a linguists, a Orientalist and a Tibetologists. From the viewpoint of a diplomatist, Rockhill enjoyed the 'unlimited trust' of White House as the American Far East policy maker in the beginning of the 20th century, and he himself with the United States and many other dignitaries, the late Qing Dynasty and many other high-ranking officials,diplomats and many Western countries, he himself had the close personal relationship with important figures, such as many US officials, diplomatic officials in western countries,politicians in the late Qing Dynasty, and many important figures in Tibet includingl3th Dalai Lama, which makes Rockhill himself and the US government that he represented have the opportunity to influence the history of modern Tibet.Through the investigation of the Rockhill discourse on Tibet, it is not difficult to find that The Tibet Concept of the United States government has been affected by Rockhill's Tibet discourse, but Rockhill's Tibet discourse is dominated by American national interests and U.S.policy toward China by the influence of open door policy in the United States. Rockhill's discourse on Tibet by American "open door" policy mainly contains three aspects, including'Tibet is China's vassal sovereign state','Tibet's political form long-term secular state','Tibet On the issue of reform'. The article try to solve the hidden imperialist thinking of Rockhill Tibet discourse by US "open door" policy and reveal that the essence of Rockhill Tibet discourse is the product of the imperialist hegemony from the perspective of the "open door"policy of the United States. Further elaborating during the process of making the Tibet discourse and policy of US government, US government always pursue national interests first and pragmatism,so the 'Tibet Issue' by official Tibet discourse of the United States is just a chess piece in the international game between US and other countries concerned.