Research On The Justice Of Communitarianism

Justice has been one of the most significant pursuits of human society for thousands of years.As early as in ancient Greece,the brilliant thinker,still a politician,Plato had constructed a system of discourse and understanding of justice.It was endowed with different connotation in different periods:From ancient Greek's city-state era to the modem society,from justice of virtue to justice of rights,justice appeared in different forms and practices in the 2500 years of history.Liberalism,which emphasised the justice of political rights,was western's mainstream of believe on justice in the past several hundred years,and guided their political practices.However,the communitarianism,that with its representatives such as Alasdair MacIntyre,Michael J.Sandel and Michael Walser,emerged in 1980s and 1990s in last century.It made a direct confrontation with the liberalism,both in methodology and theoretical paradigm in sharp contrast.The battle fundamentally laid in the bifurcation of social justice."Return to virtue advocate,good takes precedence over justice,justice under the view of "composite equality" were the new counter arguments which were insisted on by the community activist to against the liberalism's "Procedure justice,justice before goods and justice as fairness".For the sake of aligning attitude in criticism of liberalism,different communitarians sided in the same camp,which leads to a community fundamental consistency.However,they also differed in concrete critical point of view,theoretical believe and more.This essay started with Alasdair MacIntyre,Michael J.Sandel and Michael Walser's individual criticize on liberalism,detailly analysised their personal view of justice and explored their discrepancies:classicism inclined Alasdair MacIntyre strongly sided to replace liberalism's rules with Aristotle's virtue advocation.Whereas Michael J.Sandel criticized liberalism's individualism,proposed community binding as alternative.Michael Walser hoped to apply justice as speciality instead of universality and advocated policy making and regulations set up.Based on above-mentioned,it was obvious to summarize the consistency of cry in:persistence in community binding over individualism,ascertain of the conscience preceded right,and speciality of justice replaced universality of justice.Finally,this essay evaluated the reasonability and limitations of communitarianism's view of justice.It affirmed the advocate of composing ego,common good based on community and moral based public interest politic inspiration.And also pointed out the crux of community definition and feasibility,the possibility of community body turning rigid and the inevitable doubts of relativism and nihilism that came with pluralism.