A Study On The Demand Difference Of Higher Education Of Urban And Rural Households In Jiangxi Province

As we all know,the higher education plays an important role in improving a person's social status and quality of life,therefore,the urban and rural households have a strong need of receiving higher education.And along with the promotion of higher education's popularization,more and more urban and rural households have the chances of receiving higher education.But because of the higher education belongs to the non-compulsory education,the family as the beneficiaries of higher education,need to bear the cost of personnel training and pay for it,which leads to the differences of the urban and rural households' payment capability of higher education.And that,due to China's long-standing urban-rural dualistic structure system,the economic level of urban and rural families is different.So the ability of urban and rural families to bear the cost of higher education is different,which affect the higher education demands of urban and rural household.The purpose of this paper is studying the demand differences for higher education between urban and rural family of Jiangxi province,to better meet the needs of urban and rural households in the higher education,support the higher education needs of rural family,narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,promote the equity of higher education.In view of the above background and Bourdieu's theory of capital and the theory of higher education,this study takes the urban and rural households in Jiangxi province as the research sample,then collect relevant data of 3050 valid questionnaire,finally uses SPSS18.0 statistical software to analyze the situation of the higher education demand of urban and rural households in Jiangxi province.The research results of urban and rural households' higher education demand in Jiangxi province are as follows: first,households have strong demand for higher education,most of the parents want their children to pursue college;Second,the urban and rural household's higher education demands are different.The demand of urban households are stronger than the rural household's,which concretely embody in the region demand of higher education,the level requirements of higher education,the types demands of higher education and the professional needs of higher education,not include the form demand of higher education.In the aspect of region demand,the rate of urban households choose foreign universities,or colleges and universities in developed and provincial capital cities and the capital Beijing is more than that of rural households;Interms of the level requirement,urban households' demand for pursuing key undergraduate course colleges and universities for graduate student degree far exceeds the rural households;In the side of type demand,urban household' demands for choosing academic undergraduate course colleges and universities are stronger than rural households;In the aspect of professional requirement,the demand ratio of engineering,military and other professional from urban households is greater than the proportion of rural households.Family capital and the demand of higher education have the following characteristics:on one hand,the economic capital,cultural capital and social capital between urban and rural family exist significant differences.Overall,the urban families' economic capital,cultural capital and social capital is more abundant than rural households;on the other hand,the demand of higher education is various with family capital.Family economic capital affects the area,level and type demand for higher education,family social capital affects their area,level and major demand for higher education,family cultural capital determines the area,level,type and major demand for higher education.Through analyzing the influence factors of the higher education demand from urban and rural households,I find that: first,the rural families consider that families' economic capital,cultural capital and social capital factors have a great influence on the demand of the higher education,but urban families think the children factors,colleges and universities factors,and social factors have a great influence on the demand of higher education;Second,the influence factors of higher education are different in families of different capital.The rich capital families in making higher education requirements mainly affected by the three external environmental factors such as children factors,colleges and universities factors and social factors.In view of the demand difference from urban and rural households for higher education and its influencing factors,it is need to supply side structure reform of higher education,in order to satisfy the demands of higher education form urban and rural families.First,accelerate the integration between urban and rural areas,narrow the difference of urban and rural households' capital;Second,narrow the gap between urban and rural in basic education,realize the education fair;Third,increase the effective supply of higher education,meet the demand of the family;Fourth,deepen the reform of universities charge system,improve the financial assistance system for poor college students;Fifth,change the concept of higher education,form the effective demand.Only in this way,to narrow the demand differences of higher education between urban and rural family,guarantee higher education fair.