The Research On Agricultural Products Exported To Japan Via Qingdao Harbor In Modern Times

Qingdao port is one of the Chinese most important ports in modern times, especially in the trade relation with Japan. In 1898, Germany occupied Jiaozhou bay, then announced Qingdao port as a free port, opening to the world. Japan seized that opportunity to establish trade links with Qingdao port, and had become the largest trading partner of Qingdao port at the end of German rule. With the expansion of Japan's economic power, Japan began to take military action. In 1914, during the first World War, Japan replaced Germany occupied Qingdao, carrying out cruel colonial domination over this area, and used Qingdao port to plunder resources of Shandong province. Even in the ruling period of the northern government and the Nanjing national government, part of Japan's political institutions and economic organizations still exist, and Japan maintained the first trading nation status of Qingdao port. In 1938, Japan once again occupied Qingdao by force. Japan regarded Qingdao port as the military base of aggression against China, as well as the tool of economic exploitation. In 1945, the Japanese evacuated from Qingdao and the trade with Qingdao was declined.The importance of modern Qingdao port trade with Japan reflected in four aspects. From the perspective of duration, it experienced a long history. From the the perspective of volume of trade, Japan had maintained the first station For thirty years from 1912, especially during the occupation. From the perspective of the contrast between Qingdao port and other ports, Qingdao port became the northern third ports in the German occupied stage. In 1932, it rised to second. From the perspective of effects, the result is that a large number of Japanese industrial products came to Chinese, and the local products of Shandong and the surrounding provinces was drained, which had a profound influence on Qingdao port and its hinterland.Agricultural product was the most important commodity which Qingdao port exported to Japan. Its value was far more than coal, salt, industrial products and other groceries, occupied the first place. The cereals, textile fiber, livestock and poultry were the main agricultural products. Affected by the supply-demand relationship, production level, natural condition, transportation technology, agricultural policy, the number of agricultural products in Qingdao port export to Japan had been changing constantly. Japanese companies who engaged in export trade had played an important role in the development of the exportation from Qingdao to Japan. On the one hand, the Japanese companies took a variety of ways to intervene the agricultural production, such as giving seed, teaching technology, providing loans. On the other hand, Japanese companies purchased agricultural products by establish purchasing station or use the Chinese trader. As a result, Japanese companies became the last link in the circulation of commodities. They occupied an important position in the cotton, peanut, egg, beef, braided strawand and other agricultural products market, and even became the monopolist. In this state, the export trade of agricultural products from Qingdao port to Japan, not only caused the loss of Shandong agricultural resources, but also has any impact on the Shandong's planting of crop, the transition of agricultural products market, the modernization of agricultural economy, as well as the development of Qingdao port, the relationship between the hinterland, the future of national industry.