Analysis On Carbon Emission And Revenue Fluctuation In Closed-loop Supply Chain Based On Product Life Cycle

In considering home appliances carbon emission factors and cost factors, a closed-loop supply chain(CLSC) system is constructed. Recycling disposal decisions are established which are suitable for home appliances. Remanufacturing process is subdivided into three layers: raw materials layer, components layer, and final product layer. In order to determine which layer will be entered, the recovery quality is considered. The dissertation expand research on the following aspects:Firstly, a remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain system is composed by a manufacturer, a retailer and a third-party logistics service provider(3PL) under the consideration of carbon emission and cost. Three recovery scenarios, namely, retailer recovery, manufacturer recovery and 3PL recovery, which consider the recovery quality grades and recycler ability to deal with the disposal, are established. Based on Stackelberg game theory, three recovery modes under decentralized decision-making are compared, and the relationship between recovery modes and price decisions considered wholesale price, selling price and collection price is analyzed. Then fluctuations of revenue and carbon emission are analyzed.Secondly, considering the recovery price is related to quality, to study the effect of different recovery modes and market power on the profitability and carbon emission, a CLSC system composed of a single manufacturer and a retailer is constructed, and four recovery scenarios are established. Under decentralized decision-making, pricing decisions including wholesale prices, retail prices, and recycling prices in different contexts are compared. Furthermore, fluctuations of the revenue and carbon emissions——recovery quality, carbon emissions, and recovery feasibility——are studi 2ed. Then fluctuations of revenue and carbon emissions are compared through numerical analysis under the effects of units of production and transportation emissions.Thirdly, considering the appliances life cycle‘s carbon emissions from product, distribute, use, to recycle, a CLSC system is built both considered new product and remanufactured. A mechanism for recycling quality assessment is proposed. The possibility of recovered product in different quality into different remanufacturing process is studied. Energy efficiency product pricing decisions are analyzed between new products and remanufactured. Various aspects of carbon emissions are compared in CLSC. Decisions of pricing, energy efficiency, and demand in new products and remanufactured are analyzed under the changes of quality coefficient under the numerical analysis. Furthermore, purchase and disposal decisions by consumer are given.Through in-depth study of the CLSC profits and carbon emissions in different contexts, a basis for corporate to weigh profits and carbon emissions is provided. Furthermore, the guidance of consumers to make decisions of purchase and elimination which make product at a lower carbon emissions is provided.