Study On Unilateral Open Natural Gas Market Mechanism In China

Accelerate the marketization of energy prices, establish the mechanism of energy price determined by the market, is one of the key content of the Chinese government to promote energy price mechanism reform in the next 4 years. Over a long period of time, rigid price adjustment mechanism of natural gas directly leads to the unreasonable relationship between natural gas and alternative energy. It distorts the structure of energy consumption from the demand, take the profit space compression upstream gas supply from the supply, and severely restrict the natural gas exploration and development investment.The essence of the reform of natural gas market is to bring the natural gas industry into the optimization of the whole social resources, using market mechanism to improve the investment and operation efficiency of natural gas enterprises. Generally, the price is the market adjustment lever in the natural gas market reform process, and the reform of natural gas pricing mechanism is the key to solve the problem of natural gas market. However, frequent gas shortage since 2005 fully exposed that the reform pricing mechanism as the only breakthrough, not only cannot solve the problem of natural gas supply and enterprise innovation incentive is not a fundamental problem, but also may lead to the stability of natural gas supply.In this paper, it puts the natural gas market structure as the breakthrough point, studies the routing problem of our country's natural gas market reform practice by adopting the combination of qualitative and quantitative research method. Firstly, it sums up the domestic and foreign relevant literature, analyzes the present situation?existing problems and the reform process of China natural gas market and then discusses the path choice of natural gas market reform. Secondly, carry out a systematic analysis of a unilateral open of natural gas market mechanism. According to the present situation of the natural gas market, put forward a unilateral open natural gas market model and a mathematical model. Then analysis the stability of the market mechanism, research the optimal production strategy and the profits' distribution of the enterprise. In the end, verify the mechanism' reasonable by numerical simulation discusses the stability of the market mechanism and the market performance from theory and practice.Through in-depth study on the above contents, this paper draw the following conclusions: First, the current pricing mechanism cannot solve the problem of further development of natural gas industry; Secondly, regardless of the natural gas market in the initial state, "no monopoly" and "no industry chain integration" is the two important experience of foreign developed countries natural gas market reform; Thirdly, China's natural gas market reform should implement the "three steps" strategy, Namely: unilateral open operation mode, Bilateral open and wholesale competitive operation mode and bilateral open retail competition mode; Fourthly, there is a Nash equilibrium solution under the dynamic competition, which shows that the market can go to the market and stabilize the market; Fifthly, the numerical simulation shows that the unilateral open natural gas market mechanism can promote the stable supply of natural gas market, reduce the price of natural gas, increase the income of the industry.Based on the above conclusions, this paper put forward the following suggestions for the reference of government price management departments to develop natural gas price policy: First, appropriate to separate natural gas industry from competition and natural monopoly business in time, to relax the upstream exploration and mining sectors market access conditions, so as to promote the "factory network separation" step by step; Secondly, to achieve a smooth transition from government control and corporate monopoly to market competition gradually, by constantly improve the existing laws and regulations of natural gas, and actively regulate the regulatory mechanism of natural gas; Thirdly, speed up the construction of price formation mechanism and modern regulatory system, which can take into account the efficiency and return of enterprises, market supply and demand situation and the ability of consumers to bear; Fourthly, foster more market competition in the supply side of the main body through the development of preferential policies, to provide a material basis for the construction of natural gas market; Fifthly, change the original natural gas company's strategic positioning and business philosophy actively, shorten the process of adapting and exploring the market reforms; Sixth, accelerate the construction of national natural gas strategic reserve.