Research On The Historical Changes Of Forestry In The South-east Region Of Guizhou Province

Forestry, as the subject of forest utilization, its main task lies in the manufacturing and utilizing of timbers. However, the “forestry” used in this paper means particularly the overall uses of forest, which includes the exploration, cultivation, and management of forest resources, by different ethnic groups during different times in the south-east region of Guizhou province. The forest utilization in history specifically includes in select and purchase of timbers for imperial use, timbers trading, forest by-products developing, man-made forestation, and management and protection of forest, etc. The south-east region of Guizhou province has been the main production zone of timbers in history because of its natural conditions full of mountains and trees, and naturally this region has been called “the state of mountains and trees ”. During the Ming and Qing periods, however, most virgin forests have turned into man-made ones due to the prevailing of forest exploitation and timbers trading. Some forest mountains even became bared as a result of immoderate exploitation. So it's meaningful to explore the reasons of the historical changes of forestry in the south-east region of Guizhou province so as to carry out the construction of ecological civilization and realize the win-win solution of economic development and ecological civilization. The main content of this paper is divided into four chapters.Chapter one explains the reason why this paper select the historical changes of forestry in the south-east region of Guizhou province as its research project. And based on the analysis of relevant historical literatures both at home and abroad, this paper explains its research meanings.Chapter two states the geographical conditions and the forest conditions of the south-east region of Guizhou province before the Qing dynasty. From the perspective of topographic features, soil, climate and rivers, this paper testified the close relationship between forestry management and geographical environment. Furthermore, this chapter states the historical changes of forestry, i.e. with the prevailing of timbers manufacturing, the ancient virgin forest in the south-east region of Guizhou province can no longer meet the market satisfaction after the Qing dynasty, and therefore man-made forest is appeared.Chapter three states timbers trading and forest changes in the south-east region of Guizhou province from the Qing dynasty to The Republic Period. Ever since the Qing dynasty, timbers trading in the south-east region of Guizhou province has gradually increasing with quantities of timbers demanding day after day. Mere forest cutting can no longer satisfy the market's need, so man-made forest begin and prevail and finally take the place of virgin forest and become a new model of forestry management. But what is worth noted is that due to the immoderate exploitation of regional forest timbers, some mountains became bared. This is also a manifestation of forestry changes.Chapter four analysis the reason of forestry changes in the south-east region of Guizhou province. The people of this region join in making man-made forest one after another because of the stimulation of huge profit in forest industry. They also summarized and formed a set of systematic mechanisms and skills in managing and cultivating forest woods, which successfully transferred ancient forest into man-made forest. Whereas regional order-less exploitation of forest timbers should take responsibility for severe deforestation and bare mountains.The last part of this paper reviews the main content and summarizes experience and lessons of forestry changes in hope of enriching and developing the forestry cultures in the south-east region of Guizhou province. Analyzing the reason of forestry changes in this region is not only worthwhile in serving the forestry planning and environmental protection policy but also in enlightening how to construct a beautiful China and a beautiful Guizhou.